Zhang Amy L, Kosoko-Thoroddsen Tinna-Sólveig F, Thomas Deborah A, Lieu Judith E C
Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
These are co-first authors/contributed equally to this work.
Ear Hear. 2024;45(1):10-22. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000001417. Epub 2023 Aug 23.
Social determinants of health (SDOH) (healthcare access and quality, education access and quality, socioeconomic status, social and cultural context, neighborhood and built environment) ( Healthy People 2030 ) have been shown to impact a wide range of health-related outcomes and access to care. Given the medical and nonmedical costs associated with children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL), the varied insurance coverage for hearing healthcare services, and the differences in hearing aid utilization rates between children of different sociodemographic classes, the sociodemographic information of children with UHL enrolled in research studies should be collected to ensure the generalizability of hearing healthcare interventions. Therefore, the objective of this scoping review is to assess the reporting of SDOH data for participants in studies of pediatric UHL and its comparison to population trends.
Two searches of published literature were conducted by a qualified medical librarian. Two reviewers then evaluated all candidate articles. Study inclusion parameters were from 2010 to present, peer-reviewed studies with prospective study design, and participant population including children (age 0 to 18 years old) with UHL.
Two literature searches using PubMed Medline and Embase found 442 and 3058 studies each for review. After abstract and paper review, 87 studies were included in final qualitative review, with 22 of these studies reporting race distribution of participants, 15 reporting insurance status or family income, and 12 reporting the maternal education level.
Sociodemographic data are not commonly reported in research studies of children with UHL. In reported samples, research participants are more likely to have private insurance and higher family income compared with overall population distribution. These demographic biases may affect the generalizability of study results to all children with UHL. Further evaluation is warranted to evaluate whether participant recruitment affects outcomes that reflect the overall population.
健康的社会决定因素（SDOH）（医疗保健的可及性和质量、教育的可及性和质量、社会经济地位、社会和文化背景、社区及建成环境）（《健康人民2030》）已被证明会影响广泛的与健康相关的结果以及医疗服务的可及性。鉴于单侧听力损失（UHL）儿童的医疗和非医疗费用、听力保健服务的保险覆盖范围各异，以及不同社会人口阶层儿童的助听器使用率存在差异，应收集参与研究的UHL儿童的社会人口信息，以确保听力保健干预措施具有普遍适用性。因此，本范围综述的目的是评估儿科UHL研究中参与者的SDOH数据报告情况，并将其与总体趋势进行比较。
由一名合格的医学图书馆员对已发表的文献进行了两次检索。然后由两名评审员对所有候选文章进行评估。纳入研究的参数为2010年至今、具有前瞻性研究设计的同行评审研究，以及包括UHL儿童（0至18岁）在内的参与者群体。
使用PubMed Medline和Embase进行的两次文献检索分别发现442项和3058项研究以供审查。经过摘要和论文审查后，87项研究被纳入最终的定性审查，其中22项研究报告了参与者的种族分布，15项报告了保险状况或家庭收入，12项报告了母亲的教育水平。
社会人口数据在UHL儿童的研究中通常未被报告。在已报告的样本中，与总体人群分布相比，研究参与者更有可能拥有私人保险和较高的家庭收入。这些人口统计学偏差可能会影响研究结果对所有UHL儿童的普遍适用性。有必要进行进一步评估，以评估参与者招募是否会影响反映总体人群的结果。
