Department of Horticulture, Post-Graduate College of Agriculture (PGCA), RPCAU, Pusa, Bihar, India.
Department of Horticulture, Tirhut College of Agriculture (TCA), Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Pusa, Bihar, India.
PeerJ. 2023 Aug 18;11:e15867. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15867. eCollection 2023.
Twenty mango genotypes grown in the plains of the Himalayas were characterized by their physical, physiological, biochemical, mineral and organoleptic attributes: fruit firmness, weight, peel thickness, shape, dry seed weight, respiration rate, weight loss, and shelf life. Biochemical attributes such as soluble solids, total carotenoids, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and total sugars were also determined. In addition, mineral content and fruit-softening enzymes were measured, and an organoleptic evaluation was performed. Polygalactouronase (PG), pectin methylesterase (PME) and lipoxygenase (LOX) were measured from the pulp adjacent to the peel. Similarly, biochemical attributes and mineral content were evaluated using fruit pulp, while organoleptic evaluation included fruit pulp characters and the fruit's external appearance. The results of the study showed that the 'Malda' genotype exhibited the highest total phenolic content (560.60 µg/100 g), total antioxidant (5.79 µmol TE/g), and titratable acidity (0.37%) among the tested genotypes. 'Amrapali' had the highest soluble solid content (25.20 °B), 'Jawahar' had the highest ascorbic acid content (44.20 mg/100 g pulp), 'Mallika' had the highest total flavonoid content (700.00 µg/g) and 'Amrapali' had the highest total carotenoid content (9.10 mg/100 g). Moreover, the genotypes 'Malda', 'Safed Malda'and 'Suvarnarekha' had a shelf life of 4-5 days longer than other tested genotypes. The genotypes with high biochemical attributes have practical utility for researchers for quality improvement programmes and processing industries as functional ingredients in industrial products. This study provides valuable information on the nutritional and functional properties of different mango genotypes, which can aid in developing improved varieties with enhanced health benefits and greater practical utility for processing industries.
20 种在喜马拉雅山脉平原种植的芒果品种的物理、生理、生化、矿物质和感官特性得到了描述：果实硬度、重量、果皮厚度、形状、干种子重量、呼吸速率、失重和货架期。还测定了生化特性，如可溶性固形物、总类胡萝卜素、总酚含量、抗氧化活性、可滴定酸度、抗坏血酸和总糖。此外，还测量了矿物质含量和果实软化酶，并进行了感官评价。从靠近果皮的果肉中测量了多聚半乳糖醛酸酶 (PG)、果胶甲酯酶 (PME) 和脂氧合酶 (LOX)。同样，使用果肉评估了生化特性和矿物质含量，而感官评价包括果肉特征和果实外观。研究结果表明，在所测试的品种中，'Malda'品种的总酚含量（560.60 µg/100 g）、总抗氧化剂（5.79 µmol TE/g）和可滴定酸度（0.37%）最高。'Amrapali'的可溶性固形物含量最高（25.20 °B），'Jawahar'的抗坏血酸含量最高（44.20 mg/100 g 果肉），'Mallika'的总黄酮含量最高（700.00 µg/g），而' Amrapali'的总类胡萝卜素含量最高（9.10 mg/100 g）。此外，'Malda'、'Safed Malda'和'Suvarnarekha'等品种的货架期比其他测试品种长 4-5 天。具有高生化特性的品种对研究人员具有实际应用价值，可用于质量改进计划和加工工业，作为工业产品中的功能性成分。本研究提供了不同芒果品种营养和功能特性的有价值信息，有助于开发具有增强健康益处和更大加工工业实用价值的改良品种。
