Gursoy Furkan, Kakadiaris Ioannis A
Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
Front Big Data. 2023 Aug 7;6:1206139. doi: 10.3389/fdata.2023.1206139. eCollection 2023.
The foundations of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a field whose applications are of great use and concern for society, can be traced back to the early years of the second half of the 20th century. Since then, the field has seen increased research output and funding cycles followed by setbacks. The new millennium has seen unprecedented interest in AI progress and expectations with significant financial investments from the public and private sectors. However, the continual acceleration of AI capabilities and real-world applications is not guaranteed. Mainly, accountability of AI systems in the context of the interplay between AI and the broader society is essential for adopting AI systems via the trust placed in them. Continual progress in AI research and development (R&D) can help tackle humanity's most significant challenges to improve social good. The authors of this paper suggest that the careful design of forward-looking research policies serves a crucial function in avoiding potential future setbacks in AI research, development, and use. The United States (US) has kept its leading role in R&D, mainly shaping the global trends in the field. Accordingly, this paper presents a critical assessment of the US National AI R&D Strategic Plan and prescribes six recommendations to improve future research strategies in the US and around the globe.
人工智能（AI）这一领域的应用对社会极为有用且备受关注，其基础可追溯到20世纪后半叶的早期。从那时起，该领域的研究产出和资金投入周期不断增加，随后也遭遇了挫折。新千年见证了对人工智能进展前所未有的兴趣和期望，公共和私营部门都进行了大量金融投资。然而，人工智能能力和实际应用的持续加速发展并无保障。主要而言，在人工智能与更广泛社会的相互作用背景下，人工智能系统的问责制对于通过人们对它们的信任来采用人工智能系统至关重要。人工智能研发（R&D）的持续进步有助于应对人类面临的最重大挑战，以促进社会福祉。本文作者认为，精心设计前瞻性研究政策对于避免人工智能研究、开发和使用未来可能出现的挫折起着至关重要的作用。美国在研发方面一直占据主导地位，主要塑造了该领域的全球趋势。因此，本文对美国国家人工智能研发战略计划进行了批判性评估，并提出了六项建议，以改进美国及全球未来的研究战略。
