NIAID Integrated Research Facility, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2023;2682:233-244. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3283-3_17.
Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assays or ELISAs are a versatile method for detecting various immunological ligands of interest. As the name suggests, ELISAs rely on the interaction between a ligand and an antibody to produce results. In the study of infectious disease, ELISAs are commonly used to determine if a pathogen-specific immune response has occurred in a host organism. These assays can be performed in serosurveys as part of epidemiological investigations during, or following, an infectious disease outbreak. In the research environment, ELISAs are used to quantify the humoral immune response following infection or vaccination of a host organism. Data from these assays can be used to determine the type of immune response elicited (e.g. IgG1 vs IgG2) and the robustness of the response. Here, we describe ELISAs that were developed for the study of either hamsters or non-human primates vaccinated against Nipah virus infection, or infected with Nipah virus. The ELISAs described include assays for both IgG and IgM in the hamster and non-human primate models for Nipah virus-induced disease. An assay was also developed for the detection of IgA in bronchoalveolar lavage from non-human primates.
酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）是一种用于检测各种感兴趣的免疫配体的多功能方法。顾名思义，ELISA 依赖于配体与抗体之间的相互作用来产生结果。在传染病研究中，ELISA 常用于确定宿主生物体中是否发生了针对病原体的特异性免疫反应。这些测定法可在血清学调查中进行，作为传染病爆发期间或之后进行流行病学调查的一部分。在研究环境中，ELISA 用于量化宿主生物体感染或接种后的体液免疫反应。这些测定法的数据可用于确定引发的免疫反应类型（例如 IgG1 与 IgG2）和反应的稳健性。在这里，我们描述了针对感染尼帕病毒的仓鼠或非人类灵长类动物接种疫苗或感染尼帕病毒而开发的 ELISA。描述的 ELISA 包括仓鼠和非人类灵长类动物模型中针对尼帕病毒诱导疾病的 IgG 和 IgM 测定法。还开发了一种用于检测非人类灵长类动物支气管肺泡灌洗液中 IgA 的测定法。
