The quality of verbal feedback given by nursing near-peer tutors: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND

Students' acceptance of peer feedback (PF) in health professions education has been mixed because of doubts about its quality and accuracy. Providing peer tutor (PT) training in giving effective feedback may increase the quality of PF.

OBJECTIVES

To analyse the (1) quality and (2) accuracy of near-PF provided to first-year nursing students after simulated practice and (3) evaluate the discrepancies between what faculty, PTs and clinical staff teach about certain nursing skills by analysing PT-student feedback discussions.

DESIGN

Qualitative study using content analysis.

SETTINGS

This study was conducted in a simulation centre in a Singapore university during first-year undergraduate nursing students' laboratory lessons.

PARTICIPANTS

Near-PT (second- to fourth-year undergraduate nursing students).

METHODS

Near-PTs received virtual training on providing structured feedback. They provided in-person PF to first-year nursing students after simulated practice of a technical nursing skill. PF was audio recorded. Quality was determined by PTs' adherence to the proposed PF structure and the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare-Rater Version Short Form (DASH-RV-Short) scores. Directed content analyses were also conducted to qualitatively evaluate PF quality based on DASH-RV-Short, PF accuracy and discrepancies in content taught for each nursing skill.

RESULTS

Most PTs evaluated the skill chronologically or focused on the mistakes made instead of following the PF structure. DASH-RV-Short scores were 'good' for most elements because PTs gave specific suggestions and justified them, ensured students' psychological safety, and used effective verbal communication. PF was mostly accurate, but expectations relating to each nursing skill differed among the PTs, faculty and clinical staff.

CONCLUSIONS

With training, senior nursing students can provide specific and detailed feedback to their juniors, which may fill the gap for timely and specific feedback in health professions education. Future PT training programmes should clarify common variations and mistakes in skills performance to ensure PTs and faculty tutors agree on what students should learn.