Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Sep;30(44):99440-99453. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-29411-x. Epub 2023 Aug 23.
The mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi is a freshwater fish that is endemic to East Asia. To study the different damages and molecular mechanisms caused by different salt (NaCl, NaSO, and NaHCO) on Siniperca chuatsi, the fish were subjected to NaCl, NaSO, and NaHCO stresses with different concentration for 96 h for mortality assessment, moreover, the fish were exposed to these salt stresses with equal sodium ion concentration (Na = 210 mmol/L), then gill morphological changes were observed and gene expression was analyzed by high-throughput transcriptome sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The results showed that mandarin fish tolerated NaCl and NaSO better than NaHCO. NaHCO stress caused more damage to gill than NaCl and NaSO stress. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses indicated that differentially expressed genes were enriched in damage and apoptosis upon NaHCO stress, whereas they were enriched in energy and immune-related pathways upon NaCl and NaSO stress. Hub genes were different under all three stresses. MAPK pathway genes showed a trend in up-regulated expression under all salt stresses, but the expression patterns varied with time during salt exposure and freshwater recovery stage. Taken together, this study demonstrated the variation in the effects of NaCl, NaSO, and NaHCO stress on mandarin fish. The MAPK signaling pathway is important for regulating the response to salt stress.
翘嘴红鲌是一种东亚特有的淡水鱼类。为了研究不同盐（NaCl、NaSO 和 NaHCO）对翘嘴红鲌的不同损伤和分子机制，将鱼暴露于不同浓度的 NaCl、NaSO 和 NaHCO 胁迫下 96 小时进行死亡率评估，此外，将鱼暴露于这些盐胁迫下，钠离子浓度相等（Na = 210mmol/L），然后观察鳃形态变化，并通过高通量转录组测序和实时定量 PCR（qRT-PCR）分析基因表达。结果表明，翘嘴红鲌对 NaCl 和 NaSO 的耐受性优于 NaHCO。NaHCO 胁迫对鳃的损伤大于 NaCl 和 NaSO 胁迫。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路富集分析表明，在 NaHCO 胁迫下差异表达基因富集于损伤和细胞凋亡，而在 NaCl 和 NaSO 胁迫下富集于能量和免疫相关通路。在所有三种胁迫下，枢纽基因都不同。MAPK 通路基因在所有盐胁迫下均表现出上调表达的趋势，但在盐暴露和淡水恢复阶段随时间的变化模式不同。总之，本研究表明 NaCl、NaSO 和 NaHCO 胁迫对翘嘴红鲌的影响存在差异。MAPK 信号通路对于调节对盐胁迫的反应很重要。
