Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
Open Vet J. 2023 Jul;13(7):854-863. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i7.7. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
Phytogenic feed additives are products derived from plants used to improve the performance and health of animals. Nowadays, this type of phytogenic feed additive is widely used as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in poultry feed, and clove bud is one of the most effective medicinal herbs that has caught the attention of researchers.
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding clove bud powder to the broiler chicken's feed on the hematological profile, biochemical parameters, lymphoid organs, and cell-mediated immunity.
A total of 360 unsexed chicks (Ross 308) were allotted to three groups. All chicks were raised under the same normal management conditions from 1 day to 6 weeks of age. The first group was fed a basal diet and the other two groups were assigned to add 0.5% and 1.0% of clove bud powder to the basal diet. The studied traits were total leukocyte counts (TLC), differential leukocyte counts (DLC), blood cholesterol level, blood liver enzymes [aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes], the weight of lymphoid organs (bursa of Fabricius and spleen), and cell-mediated immunity.
Despite the significant and varied changes ( ≤ 0.05) that resulted from adding clove buds powder to the broiler feed in the second and third weeks, the results at the end of the experiment indicated that there was no negative effect of adding clove powder on the TLC and DLC, as well as the heterophils/lymphocytes ratio. In addition, feeding on a diet containing clove buds powder had no significant effect on the level of cholesterol and liver enzymes in the blood, except for (ALP), which showed a significant increase ( ≤ 0.01) in comparison to the control group. Moreover, the results showed in the second and fifth weeks a significant increase ( ≤ 0.05) in the relative weight of the spleen, but, in general, there were no significant effects at the end of the experiment on the relative weight of the lymphoid organs. Furthermore, the broiler chickens that consumed clove bud powder at a rate of 0.5% showed a highly significant ( ≤ 0.01) cellular immune response.
This study concluded that the addition of clove bud powder had no negative effect on leukocyte counts or differentiated leukocyte counts. The addition also raised the spleen weight and improved the level of blood alkane phosphatase activity and cellular immune response in broiler chickens during the growth stages.
植物源饲料添加剂是从植物中提取的产品，用于提高动物的生产性能和健康水平。如今，这种植物源饲料添加剂作为家禽饲料中抗生素生长促进剂的替代品被广泛使用，而丁香花蕾是最有效的草药之一，引起了研究人员的关注。
本试验旨在评估在肉鸡饲料中添加丁香花蕾粉对血液学概况、生化参数、淋巴器官和细胞介导免疫的影响。
将 360 只雌雄不分的小鸡（罗斯 308）分为 3 组。所有小鸡在 1 日龄至 6 周龄期间均在相同的正常管理条件下饲养。第一组饲喂基础日粮，另外两组分别在基础日粮中添加 0.5%和 1.0%的丁香花蕾粉。研究的特征是总白细胞计数（TLC）、白细胞分类计数（DLC）、血胆固醇水平、血肝酶[天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）酶]、淋巴器官（法氏囊和脾脏）的重量和细胞介导的免疫。
尽管在第二和第三周向肉鸡饲料中添加丁香花蕾粉会导致显著且不同的变化（≤0.05），但试验结束时的结果表明，添加丁香粉对 TLC 和 DLC 以及异嗜粒细胞/淋巴细胞比例没有负面影响。此外，饲喂含有丁香花蕾粉的日粮对血液中胆固醇和肝酶水平没有显著影响，除了（ALP），与对照组相比，其水平显著升高（≤0.01）。此外，结果表明在第二和第五周脾的相对重量显著增加（≤0.05），但总的来说，在试验结束时对淋巴器官的相对重量没有显著影响。此外，以 0.5%的速度消耗丁香花蕾粉的肉鸡表现出高度显著的（≤0.01）细胞免疫反应。
本研究得出结论，添加丁香花蕾粉对白细胞计数或分化白细胞计数没有负面影响。此外，添加丁香花蕾粉还能提高肉鸡生长阶段的脾脏重量，并提高血液碱性磷酸酶活性和细胞免疫反应水平。
