因咀嚼巧茶（阿拉伯茶）引起的口颌肌张力障碍：35 例系列病例。
Task-specific oromandibular dystonia secondary to chewing Khat (Catha edulis)- A series of 35 cases.
机构信息
Movement Disorder Clinic, Department of Neurology, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
Movement Disorder Clinic, Department of Neurology, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
出版信息
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2023 Sep;114:105806. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105806. Epub 2023 Aug 16.
BACKGROUND
The leaves of "Khat" (Catha edulis), an indigenous shrub of Yemen and Arabian Peninsula are habitually chewed by the inhabitants for psychostimulant properties.
OBJECTIVE
To describe a unique task specific Oro-mandibular dystonia (OMD) in Yemenese men, with a temporal association with chewing "Khat".
METHODS
Multicentric, retrospective analysis (2009-2020) of patients with OMD associated with "Khat" chewing, evaluating clinical features and response to Onabotulinum toxin A.
RESULTS
35 Yemenese men with a negative family history, normal neuroimaging mean age of 44.31(±3.21) years and prolonged (20.31 ± 3.27 years) history of chewing Khat, around 5.16(±0.80) hours/day presented with OMD-20 jaw opening, 13 jaw closing and 2 mixed affecting chewing (n = 6), speech (n = 3), or both (n = 26). Additional lingual dystonia was seen in five.
CONCLUSIONS
Chewing of khat is a repetitive task involving the jaw musculature and may be one of the causative factors of this task specific OMD. Recognition can prevent disability in these regions.
背景
“巧茶”（Catha edulis）的叶子是也门和阿拉伯半岛的一种本土灌木，其居民习惯性地咀嚼该叶子以获得精神刺激作用。
目的
描述也门男性中一种独特的与咀嚼“巧茶”相关的任务特异性口颌肌张力障碍（OMD）。
方法
对 2009 年至 2020 年与咀嚼“巧茶”相关的 OMD 患者进行多中心回顾性分析，评估其临床特征和对肉毒毒素 A 的反应。
结果
35 名也门男性均无家族史，神经影像学正常，平均年龄为 44.31（±3.21）岁，咀嚼“巧茶”的历史较长（20.31±3.27 年），每天咀嚼 5.16（±0.80）小时。表现为张口型 OMD-20 的有 20 例，闭口型 13 例，混合型 2 例（咀嚼受累 6 例，言语受累 3 例，咀嚼和言语均受累 26 例）。5 例患者还伴有舌部肌张力障碍。
结论
咀嚼巧茶是一种涉及咀嚼肌的重复性任务，可能是导致这种任务特异性 OMD 的原因之一。识别这种疾病可以预防咀嚼和言语相关区域的残疾。
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