Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital and the Second Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China.
Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital and the Second Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
Neuropharmacology. 2023 Nov 15;239:109690. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109690. Epub 2023 Aug 22.
At present, a large number of relevant studies have suggested that the changes in gut microbiota are related to the course of nervous system diseases, and the microbiota-gut-brain axis is necessary for the proper functioning of the nervous system. Indole and its derivatives, as the products of the gut microbiota metabolism of tryptophan, can be used as ligands to regulate inflammation and autoimmune response in vivo. In recent years, some studies have found that the levels of indole and its derivatives differ significantly between patients with central nervous system diseases and healthy individuals, suggesting that they may be important mediators for the involvement of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the disease course. Tryptophan metabolites produced by gut microbiota are involved in multiple physiological reactions, take indole for example, it participates in the process of inflammation and anti-inflammatory effects through various cellular physiological activities mediated by aromatic hydrocarbon receptors (AHR), which can influence a variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. This review mainly explores and summarizes the relationship between indoles and human neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, cognitive impairment, depression and anxiety, and puts forward that the level of indoles can be regulated through various direct or indirect ways to improve the prognosis of central nervous system diseases and reverse the dysfunction of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Microbiome & the Brain: Mechanisms & Maladies".
目前，大量相关研究表明肠道微生物群的变化与神经系统疾病的病程有关，而微生物群-肠道-大脑轴是神经系统正常运作所必需的。吲哚及其衍生物作为色氨酸肠道微生物群代谢的产物，可以作为配体调节体内的炎症和自身免疫反应。近年来，一些研究发现中枢神经系统疾病患者与健康个体之间吲哚及其衍生物的水平有显著差异，这表明它们可能是微生物群-肠道-大脑轴参与疾病过程的重要介质。肠道微生物群产生的色氨酸代谢物参与多种生理反应，以吲哚为例，它通过芳香烃受体（AHR）介导的各种细胞生理活动参与炎症和抗炎作用，可影响多种神经和神经精神疾病。本综述主要探讨和总结了吲哚与人类神经和神经精神疾病（包括缺血性中风、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、多发性硬化症、认知障碍、抑郁和焦虑）之间的关系，并提出可以通过各种直接或间接的方式来调节吲哚的水平，以改善中枢神经系统疾病的预后并逆转微生物群-肠道-大脑轴的功能障碍。本文是“微生物组与大脑：机制与疾病”特刊的一部分。
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