Chomsky C
J Speech Hear Res. 1986 Sep;29(3):332-47. doi: 10.1044/jshr.2903.347.
This study reports on the linguistic abilities of 3 adult deaf-blind subjects. The subjects perceive spoken language through touch, placing a hand on the face of the speaker and monitoring the speaker's articulatory motions, a method of speechreading known as Tadoma. Two of the subjects, deaf-blind since infancy, acquired language and learned to speak through this tactile system; the third subject has used Tadoma since becoming deaf-blind at age 7. Linguistic knowledge and productive language are analyzed, using standardized tests and several tests constructed for this study. The subjects' language abilities prove to be extensive, comparing favorably in many areas with hearing individuals. The results illustrate a relatively minor effect of limited language exposure on eventual language achievement. The results also demonstrate the adequacy of the tactile sense, in these highly trained Tadoma users, for transmitting information about spoken language sufficient to support the development of language and learning to produce speech.
本研究报告了3名成年聋盲受试者的语言能力。这些受试者通过触摸来感知口语，将手放在说话者的脸上并监测说话者的发音动作，这是一种被称为塔多马法的唇读方法。其中两名受试者自幼失聪失明，通过这种触觉系统习得语言并学会了说话；第三名受试者在7岁失聪失明后开始使用塔多马法。研究使用标准化测试以及为本研究构建的多项测试，对语言知识和语言产出进行了分析。结果证明，这些受试者的语言能力很强，在许多方面与听力正常的人相比毫不逊色。结果表明，有限的语言接触对最终语言成就的影响相对较小。结果还表明，对于这些训练有素的塔多马法使用者来说，触觉足以传递有关口语的信息，从而支持语言发展和学习说话。
