Ganjeh Bahareh Jabbarzadeh, Mirrafiei Amin, Jayedi Ahmad, Mirmohammadkhani Majid, Emadi Alireza, Ehsani Farzaneh, Shab-Bidar Sakineh
Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutr Neurosci. 2024 Jul;27(7):726-733. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2023.2249635. Epub 2023 Aug 25.
To investigate the potential relationship between diet quality, represented by the Mediterranean diet score, during early pregnancy and behavioral, mood, and cognitive development in children under 1 year of age in a prospective cohort study in Iran.
658 Iranian pregnant women and their infants participated in this prospective birth cohort study. The Mediterranean diet score was calculated by using data from a food frequency questionnaire during the first trimester of pregnancy. We assessed the children's development using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) at 6-month age. We used Cox proportional hazard model to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of ASQ domains across categories of the Mediterranean diet score.
The mean age of the mothers was 28.8 ± 5.08 years old, and the average follow-up duration was 90 weeks. The mean BMI of the mothers before pregnancy was 25.1 ± 4.43 kg/m. In the multivariable-adjusted model, those infants whose mothers were in the second (HR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.19, 1.04; = 0.06) and third (HR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.89; = 0.03) tertiles of the Mediterranean diet score had a lower risk of communication impairment compared to those who were at the first tertile. There was no association between maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet during early pregnancy and other domains of the ASQ.
Greater adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern during the first trimester of pregnancy may be favorably associated with communication abilities at 6-month aged infants. More large-scale cohort studies are needed to confirm our findings.
在伊朗的一项前瞻性队列研究中，调查以地中海饮食评分表示的孕早期饮食质量与1岁以下儿童行为、情绪和认知发展之间的潜在关系。
658名伊朗孕妇及其婴儿参与了这项前瞻性出生队列研究。地中海饮食评分通过孕早期食物频率问卷的数据计算得出。我们在婴儿6个月大时使用年龄与发育进程问卷（ASQ）评估其发育情况。我们使用Cox比例风险模型计算地中海饮食评分各分类中ASQ各领域的风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
母亲的平均年龄为28.8±5.08岁，平均随访时长为90周。母亲孕前的平均体重指数为25.1±4.43kg/m。在多变量调整模型中，与处于地中海饮食评分第一三分位数的母亲所生婴儿相比，处于第二（HR：0.44；95%CI：0.19，1.04；P = 0.06）和第三（HR：0.39；95%CI：0.17，0.89；P = 0.03）三分位数的母亲所生婴儿出现沟通障碍的风险较低。孕早期母亲坚持地中海饮食与ASQ的其他领域之间无关联。
孕早期更严格坚持地中海饮食模式可能与6个月大婴儿的沟通能力呈正相关。需要更多大规模队列研究来证实我们的发现。
