da Silva Ricardo Correia, Teixeira Mariana Pires, de Paiva Luciana Souza, Miranda-Alves Leandro
Laboratório de Endocrinologia Experimental-LEEx, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
Toxics. 2023 Aug 12;11(8):696. doi: 10.3390/toxics11080696.
Tributyltin (TBT) is an environmental contaminant present on all continents, including Antarctica, with a potent biocidal action. Its use began to be intensified during the 1960s. It was effectively banned in 2003 but remains in the environment to this day due to several factors that increase its half-life and its misuse despite the bans. In addition to the endocrine-disrupting effect of TBT, which may lead to imposex induction in some invertebrate species, there are several studies that demonstrate that TBT also has an immunotoxic effect. The immunotoxic effects that have been observed experimentally in vertebrates using in vitro and in vivo models involve different mechanisms; mainly, there are alterations in the expression and/or secretion of cytokines. In this review, we summarize and update the literature on the impacts of TBT on the immune system, and we discuss issues that still need to be explored to fill the knowledge gaps regarding the impact of this endocrine-disrupting chemical on immune system homeostasis.
三丁基锡（TBT）是一种存在于包括南极洲在内的各大洲的环境污染物，具有强大的杀菌作用。其使用在20世纪60年代开始加剧。它在2003年被有效禁止，但由于多种因素导致其半衰期延长以及尽管有禁令仍被滥用，至今仍存在于环境中。除了TBT的内分泌干扰作用（这可能导致一些无脊椎动物物种出现性畸变）外，还有多项研究表明TBT也具有免疫毒性作用。使用体外和体内模型在脊椎动物中通过实验观察到的免疫毒性作用涉及不同机制；主要是细胞因子的表达和/或分泌发生改变。在本综述中，我们总结并更新了关于TBT对免疫系统影响的文献，并讨论了仍需探索的问题，以填补关于这种内分泌干扰化学物质对免疫系统稳态影响的知识空白。
