Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma Del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma Del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
Chemosphere. 2023 Nov;340:139928. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139928. Epub 2023 Aug 23.
Sucralose (SUC) and acesulfame-k (ACE-K) are widely used artificial sweeteners worldwide; however, they are frequently detected in aquatic environments due to their low metabolism and inadequate removal during wastewater treatment. The harmful effects of these compounds on hydrobionts have yet to be fully understood, as data on their toxicity is limited and inconclusive. This research aimed to determine the impact of SUC (50, 75, 125 μg/L) and ACE-K (50, 75, 125 μg/L), individually and in combination, on fish's swimming behavior, acetylcholinesterase activity, and oxidative stress response after four months of exposure. Following exposure, adult Danio rerio displayed anxiety-like behavior, as evidenced by increased freezing time and decreased swimming activity. Additionally, analysis of fish brain tissue revealed a disruption of REDOX homeostasis, leading to oxidative stress, which may be responsible for the observed inhibition of AChE activity. The results indicated that ACE-K was more toxic than SUC, and the mixture of both compounds produced a more detrimental effect than when each compound was administered alone. These findings highlight the hazardous impacts of SUC and ACE-K on fish in environmentally relevant concentrations, suggesting that these compounds should be added to the priority pollutant list.
三氯蔗糖（SUC）和乙酰磺胺酸钾（ACE-K）是全球广泛使用的人工甜味剂；然而，由于它们在废水处理过程中代谢率低且去除不充分，因此经常在水生环境中被检测到。这些化合物对水生生物的有害影响尚未得到充分了解，因为关于它们毒性的数据有限且不确定。本研究旨在确定 SUC（50、75、125μg/L）和 ACE-K（50、75、125μg/L）单独和联合暴露四个月后对鱼类游泳行为、乙酰胆碱酯酶活性和氧化应激反应的影响。暴露后，成年斑马鱼表现出类似焦虑的行为，表现为冻结时间增加和游泳活动减少。此外，对鱼脑组织的分析显示，氧化还原平衡被破坏，导致氧化应激，这可能是观察到的 AChE 活性抑制的原因。结果表明，ACE-K 比 SUC 更具毒性，两种化合物的混合物比单独使用每种化合物产生的影响更具危害性。这些发现强调了 SUC 和 ACE-K 在环境相关浓度下对鱼类的危害影响，表明这些化合物应被添加到优先污染物清单中。
