School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tabnak Ave., Daneshjou Blvd., Velenjak, Tehran, P.O. Box 19835-35511, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Pediatr. 2023 Aug 25;23(1):425. doi: 10.1186/s12887-023-04251-3.
Several reports have shown an increase in the number of type-2 diabetics among adolescents creating an extra burden for this age group. However, there is no instrument assessing adolescents' attitude toward this disease. This study aims at designing a psychometric tool for assessing adolescents' health beliefs regarding type-2 diabetes.
In this methodological research, 770 boy and girl adolescents (between 13 and 15) from Tehran participated through multistage sampling. The Inclusion criteria were: junior high school students, students' willingness for participation and not suffering from type-1 or type-2 diabetes. The questionnaire was designed by extensive literature review and the related existing questionnaires, as well as considering the research team's comments. The validity of the questionnaire was determined through face and content validity. The construct validity was determined through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was measured via internal consistency coefficient (ICC) and internal consistency reliability was measured by Cronbach Alpha. SPSS 16 and EQS6.1 were used for data analysis.
The pool of questions had 57 items, and by removing similar (23 questions) or inappropriate sentences (8 questions), a draft questionnaire with 26 questions was designed. No items were removed in the face validity phase. Based on the results of CVR and CVI, six items and 4 items in the exploratory factor analysis were removed. Finally, a questionnaire with 16 items in 4 dimensions of perceived self-efficacy, behavioral beliefs, perceived susceptibility and perceived severity was obtained. The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the model. The internal consistency coefficient was confirmed measuring Cronbach Alpha at 0.78 and ICC = 0.73.
The questionnaire designed can be employed as a reliable and valid instrument to assess the psychological perceptions and health beliefs of adolescents with respect to type-2 diabetes.
有几项报告表明，青少年中的 2 型糖尿病患者数量有所增加，这给该年龄段的人群带来了额外的负担。然而，目前还没有评估青少年对这种疾病态度的工具。本研究旨在设计一种评估青少年对 2 型糖尿病健康信念的心理计量工具。
在这项方法学研究中，来自德黑兰的 770 名男孩和女孩青少年（年龄在 13 至 15 岁之间）通过多阶段抽样参与了研究。纳入标准为：初中生、学生愿意参与且不患有 1 型或 2 型糖尿病。该问卷是通过广泛的文献回顾以及相关的现有问卷设计的，同时考虑了研究团队的意见。通过表面效度和内容效度来确定问卷的效度。通过探索性和验证性因子分析来确定结构效度。通过内部一致性系数（ICC）和克朗巴赫 α 来衡量信度。使用 SPSS 16 和 EQS6.1 进行数据分析。
问题库中有 57 个项目，通过删除相似的（23 个问题）或不适当的句子（8 个问题），设计了一份包含 26 个问题的草稿问卷。在表面效度阶段没有删除任何项目。根据 CVR 和 CVI 的结果，在探索性因子分析中删除了 6 个项目和 4 个项目。最后，得到了一个包含 16 个项目的问卷，分为 4 个维度：自我效能感、行为信念、感知易感性和感知严重性。验证性因子分析的结果证实了该模型。内部一致性系数通过 Cronbach Alpha 测量为 0.78，ICC=0.73。
设计的问卷可以作为一种可靠和有效的工具，用于评估青少年对 2 型糖尿病的心理认知和健康信念。
