Wathen Connor A, Ghenbot Yohannes G, Ozturk Ali K, Cullen D Kacy, O'Donnell John C, Petrov Dmitriy
Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Biomedicines. 2023 Aug 4;11(8):2202. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11082202.
Large animal models of spinal cord injury may be useful tools in facilitating the development of translational therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI). Porcine models of SCI are of particular interest due to significant anatomic and physiologic similarities to humans. The similar size and functional organization of the porcine spinal cord, for instance, may facilitate more accurate evaluation of axonal regeneration across long distances that more closely resemble the realities of clinical SCI. Furthermore, the porcine cardiovascular system closely resembles that of humans, including at the level of the spinal cord vascular supply. These anatomic and physiologic similarities to humans not only enable more representative SCI models with the ability to accurately evaluate the translational potential of novel therapies, especially biologics, they also facilitate the collection of physiologic data to assess response to therapy in a setting similar to those used in the clinical management of SCI. This review summarizes the current landscape of porcine spinal cord injury research, including the available models, outcome measures, and the strengths, limitations, and alternatives to porcine models. As the number of investigational SCI therapies grow, porcine SCI models provide an attractive platform for the evaluation of promising treatments prior to clinical translation.
脊髓损伤的大型动物模型可能是促进脊髓损伤（SCI）转化治疗发展的有用工具。由于猪与人类在解剖学和生理学上有显著相似性，猪的SCI模型尤其受到关注。例如，猪脊髓的大小和功能组织相似，可能有助于更准确地评估长距离轴突再生，这更接近临床SCI的实际情况。此外，猪的心血管系统与人类的非常相似，包括在脊髓血管供应层面。这些与人类在解剖学和生理学上的相似性不仅能够建立更具代表性的SCI模型，准确评估新疗法尤其是生物制剂的转化潜力，还便于收集生理数据，在与SCI临床管理类似的环境中评估对治疗的反应。本综述总结了猪脊髓损伤研究的现状，包括可用模型、结果指标，以及猪模型的优势、局限性和替代方案。随着研究性SCI疗法数量的增加，猪SCI模型为在临床转化之前评估有前景的治疗方法提供了一个有吸引力的平台。
