Ehrlich Margot, Madden Christopher, McBride Dillon S, Nolting Jacqueline M, Huey Devra, Kenney Scott, Wang Qiuhong, Saif Linda J, Vlasova Anastasia, Dennis Patricia, Lombardi Dusty, Gibson Stormy, McLaine Alexis, Lauterbach Sarah, Yaxley Page, Winston Jenessa A, Diaz-Campos Dubraska, Pesapane Risa, Flint Mark, Flint Jaylene, Junge Randy, Faith Seth A, Bowman Andrew S, Hale Vanessa L
College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Aug 8;13(16):2554. doi: 10.3390/ani13162554.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in humans in late 2019 and spread rapidly, becoming a global pandemic. A zoonotic spillover event from animal to human was identified as the presumed origin. Subsequently, reports began emerging regarding spillback events resulting in SARS-CoV-2 infections in multiple animal species. These events highlighted critical links between animal and human health while also raising concerns about the development of new reservoir hosts and potential viral mutations that could alter the virulence and transmission or evade immune responses. Characterizing susceptibility, prevalence, and transmission between animal species became a priority to help protect animal and human health. In this study, we coalesced a large team of investigators and community partners to surveil for SARS-CoV-2 in domestic and free-ranging animals around Ohio between May 2020 and August 2021. We focused on species with known or predicted susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, highly congregated or medically compromised animals (e.g., shelters, barns, veterinary hospitals), and animals that had frequent contact with humans (e.g., pets, agricultural animals, zoo animals, or animals in wildlife hospitals). This included free-ranging deer ( = 76 individuals), free-ranging mink ( = 57), multiple species of bats ( = 59), and other wildlife in addition to domestic cats ( = 275) and pigs ( = 184). In total, we tested 792 individual animals (34 species) via rRT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was not detected in any of the tested animals despite a major peak in human SARS-CoV-2 cases that occurred in Ohio subsequent to the peak of animal samplings. Importantly, we did not test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in this study, which limited our ability to assess exposure. While the results of this study were negative, the surveillance effort was critical and remains key to understanding, predicting, and preventing the re-emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in humans or animals.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）于2019年末在人类中出现并迅速传播，成为全球大流行疾病。一次从动物到人类的人畜共患病溢出事件被确定为可能的起源。随后，有关导致多种动物感染SARS-CoV-2的反向溢出事件的报告开始出现。这些事件凸显了动物与人类健康之间的关键联系，同时也引发了人们对新的储存宿主的出现以及可能改变病毒毒力、传播方式或逃避免疫反应的潜在病毒突变的担忧。确定动物物种之间的易感性、流行率和传播情况成为保护动物和人类健康的首要任务。在本研究中，我们联合了一大组研究人员和社区合作伙伴，于2020年5月至2021年8月期间对俄亥俄州境内及自由放养的动物进行SARS-CoV-2监测。我们重点关注已知或预测对SARS-CoV-2感染易感的物种、高度聚集或医疗状况不佳的动物（如收容所、畜舍、兽医医院中的动物），以及与人类频繁接触的动物（如宠物、家畜、动物园动物或野生动物医院中的动物）。这包括自由放养的鹿（n = 76只个体）、自由放养的水貂（n = 57只）、多种蝙蝠（n = 59只），以及除家猫（n = 275只）和猪（n = 184只）之外的其他野生动物。我们总共通过逆转录实时荧光定量PCR（rRT-PCR）检测了792只个体动物（34个物种）的SARS-CoV-2 RNA。尽管在动物采样高峰期之后俄亥俄州人类SARS-CoV-2病例出现了一个主要峰值，但在任何检测的动物中均未检测到SARS-CoV-2病毒RNA。重要的是，我们在本研究中未检测SARS-CoV-2抗体，这限制了我们评估暴露情况的能力。虽然本研究结果为阴性，但监测工作至关重要，仍然是理解、预测和预防SARS-CoV-2在人类或动物中再次出现的关键。
