Petrea Renato-Gabriel, Moraru Cristina-Elena, Popovici Ileana-Monica, Știrbu Ilie-Cătălin, Radu Liliana-Elisabeta, Chirazi Marin, Rus Cristian-Mihail, Oprean Alexandru, Rusu Oana
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iași, 507184 Iași, Romania.
Children (Basel). 2023 Aug 3;10(8):1339. doi: 10.3390/children10081339.
The aim of this study was to identify the existence of some relationships between certain psychomotor behaviors, which we consider specific to swimming, and learning to execute the technique of some swimming styles (front crawl and backstroke). The study was carried out for 10 months and included 76 children (40 boys and 36 girls) aged between 6 and 9 years who practice recreational swimming in a city in Romania. Several tools were used: the Tapping test for manual dexterity, the Goodenough test for body schema, the Flamingo test for static balance, and the horizontal buoyancy test for body balance on the water. The results indicated better ratings on all psychomotor behaviors analyzed according to gender (in favor of girls compared to boys). The levels of all analyzed psychomotor behaviors have a direct relationship to the subjects' age. Also, we identified moderate positive correlations for manual dexterity ( = 0.63 in the front crawl style; = 0.57 in the backstroke style) and strong correlations for body schema, static balance and buoyancy, coordination with the learning of the two swimming styles ( or rs between 0.77 and 0.85). In conclusion, psychomotor behaviors can be predictors for learning swimming styles.
本研究的目的是确定某些我们认为是游泳特有的心理运动行为与学习某些游泳姿势（自由泳和仰泳）技术之间是否存在关联。该研究持续了10个月，纳入了罗马尼亚一个城市中76名年龄在6至9岁之间进行休闲游泳的儿童（40名男孩和36名女孩）。使用了几种工具：用于手部灵活性的敲击测试、用于身体图式的古德伊纳夫测试、用于静态平衡的火烈鸟测试以及用于水上身体平衡的水平浮力测试。结果表明，根据性别，在所有分析的心理运动行为上女孩的评分更高（与男孩相比）。所有分析的心理运动行为水平与受试者的年龄有直接关系。此外，我们发现手部灵活性存在中度正相关（自由泳姿势中r = 0.63；仰泳姿势中r = 0.57），身体图式、静态平衡和浮力与两种游泳姿势学习的协调性存在强相关（r或rs在0.77至0.85之间）。总之，心理运动行为可以作为学习游泳姿势的预测指标。
