Qattea Ibrahim, Burdjalov Maria, Quatei Amani, Agha Khalil Tamr, Kteish Rayan, Aly Hany
Department of Neonatalogy, Cleveland Clinic Children's, 9500 Euclid Avenue #M31-37, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Nassau University Medical Center, New York, NY 11554, USA.
Children (Basel). 2023 Aug 15;10(8):1386. doi: 10.3390/children10081386.
We aimed to look for the mortality of Black and White Neonates and compare the Black and White neonates' mortalities after stratifying the population by many significant epidemiologic and hospital factors.
DESIGN/METHOD: We utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset over seven years from 2012 through 2018 for all neonates ≤ 28 days of age in all hospitals in the USA. Neonatal characteristics used in the analysis included ethnicity, sex, household income, and type of healthcare insurance. Hospital characteristics were urban teaching, urban non-teaching, and rural. Hospital location was classified according to the nine U.S. Census Division regions.
Neonatal mortality continues to be higher in Black populations: 21,975 (0.63%) than in White populations: 35,495 (0.28%). Government-supported health insurance was significantly more among Black populations when compared to White (68.8% vs. 35.3% < 0.001). Household income differed significantly; almost half (49.8%) of the Black population has income ≤ 25th percentile vs. 22.1% in White. There was a significant variation in mortality in different U.S.
In the Black population, the highest mortality was in the West North Central division (0.72%), and the lower mortality was in the New England division (0.51%), whereas in the White population, the highest mortality was in the East South-Central division (0.36%), and the lowest mortality was in the New England division (0.21%). Trend analysis showed a significant decrease in mortality in Black and White populations over the years, but when stratifying the population by sex, type of insurance, household income, and type of hospital, the mortality was consistently higher in Black groups throughout the study years.
Disparities in neonatal mortality continue to be higher in Black populations; there was a significant variation in mortality in different U.S.
In the Black population, the highest mortality was in the West North Central division, and the lower mortality was in the New England division, whereas in the White population, the highest mortality was in the East South Central division, and the lowest mortality was in the New England division. There has been a significant decrease in mortality in Black and White populations over the years, but when stratifying the population by many significant epidemiologic and hospital factors, the mortality was consistently higher in Black groups throughout the study years.
我们旨在探寻黑人和白人新生儿的死亡率，并在按多种重要的流行病学和医院因素对人群进行分层后，比较黑人和白人新生儿的死亡率。
设计/方法：我们利用了2012年至2018年这七年期间美国所有医院中年龄≤28天的所有新生儿的全国住院样本（NIS）数据集。分析中使用的新生儿特征包括种族、性别、家庭收入和医疗保险类型。医院特征为城市教学医院、城市非教学医院和农村医院。医院位置根据美国九个人口普查分区进行分类。
黑人人群的新生儿死亡率（21,975例，0.63%）继续高于白人人群（35,495例，0.28%）。与白人相比，政府支持的医疗保险在黑人人群中显著更多（68.8%对35.3%，<0.001）。家庭收入存在显著差异；几乎一半（49.8%）的黑人人口收入处于第25百分位数及以下，而白人中这一比例为22.1%。美国不同地区的死亡率存在显著差异：在黑人人群中，死亡率最高的是西中北部分区（0.72%），最低的是新英格兰分区（0.51%）；而在白人人群中，死亡率最高的是东南中部分区（0.36%），最低的是新英格兰分区（0.21%）。趋势分析表明，多年来黑人和白人人群的死亡率均显著下降，但在按性别、保险类型、家庭收入和医院类型对人群进行分层时，在整个研究期间黑人组的死亡率始终更高。
黑人人群新生儿死亡率的差异仍然更大；美国不同地区的死亡率存在显著差异：在黑人人群中，死亡率最高的是西中北部分区，最低的是新英格兰分区；而在白人人群中，死亡率最高的是东南中部分区，最低的是新英格兰分区。多年来黑人和白人人群的死亡率均显著下降，但在按多种重要的流行病学和医院因素对人群进行分层时，在整个研究期间黑人组的死亡率始终更高。
