College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Aug 8;24(16):12554. doi: 10.3390/ijms241612554.
To elucidate the structural characteristics, phylogeny and biological function of anthocyanin synthase (ANS) and its role in anthocyanin synthesis, members of the strawberry gene family were obtained by whole genome retrieval, and their bioinformatic analysis and expression analysis at different developmental stages of fruit were performed. The results showed that the strawberry family consisted of 141 members distributed on 7 chromosomes and could be divided into 4 subfamilies. Secondary structure prediction showed that the members of this family were mainly composed of random curls and α-helices, and were mainly located in chloroplasts, cytoplasm, nuclei and cytoskeletons. The promoter region of the gene family contains light-responsive elements, abiotic stress responsive elements and hormone responsive elements, etc. Intraspecific collinearity analysis revealed 10 pairs of genes, and interspecific collinearity analysis revealed more relationships between strawberries and apples, grapes and Arabidopsis, but fewer between strawberries and rice. Chip data analysis showed that , , , , , , and were higher in seed coat tissues and endosperm. , , and were higher in internal and fleshy tissues. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that the gene was expressed throughout the fruit coloring process. The expression levels of most genes were highest in the 50% coloring stage (S3), such as , , , , , and . The expression levels of were the highest in the green fruit stage (S1), and and were the highest in the 20% coloring stage (S2). These results indicate that different members of the gene family play a role in different pigmentation stages, with most genes playing a role in the expression level of the rapid accumulation of fruit coloring. This study lays a foundation for further study on the function of gene family.
为了阐明花色苷合酶（ANS）的结构特征、系统发育和生物学功能及其在花色苷合成中的作用，通过全基因组检索获得了草莓基因家族的成员，并对其进行了不同发育阶段果实的生物信息学分析和表达分析。结果表明，草莓家族由 141 个成员组成，分布在 7 条染色体上，可分为 4 个亚家族。二级结构预测表明，该家族成员主要由随机卷曲和α-螺旋组成，主要位于叶绿体、细胞质、细胞核和细胞骨架中。基因家族的启动子区含有光响应元件、非生物胁迫响应元件和激素响应元件等。种内共线性分析揭示了 10 对基因，种间共线性分析显示草莓与苹果、葡萄和拟南芥的关系更为密切，但与水稻的关系较少。芯片数据分析表明，在种皮组织和胚乳中， 、 、 、 、 、 和 较高。在内部和肉质组织中， 、 、 、 、 、 和 较高。定量实时 PCR（qRT-PCR）显示，基因在整个果实着色过程中表达。大多数基因在 50%着色阶段（S3）的表达水平最高，如 、 、 、 、 、 。基因在绿果期（S1）的表达水平最高， 、 、 、 、 、 、 在 20%着色阶段（S2）的表达水平最高。这些结果表明，基因家族的不同成员在不同的着色阶段发挥作用，大多数基因在果实着色快速积累的表达水平上发挥作用。本研究为进一步研究基因家族的功能奠定了基础。
