Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
Bihor County Emergency Clinic Hospital, 410167 Oradea, Romania.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Aug 11;24(16):12676. doi: 10.3390/ijms241612676.
Secondary diabetes mellitus is frequently ignored in specialized literature. In this narrative review, the main endocrinopathies accompanied by increased glycemic values are identified, as well as the mechanisms by which the excess or deficiency of certain hormones impact beta cell function or insulin resistance. The main endocrinopathies (acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, Basedow-Graves' disease, pheochromocytoma, somatostatinoma and glucagonoma) and their characteristics are described along with the impact of hormone changes on blood sugar, body mass index and other parameters associated with diabetes. The overall information regarding the complex molecular mechanisms that cause the risk of secondary diabetes and metabolic syndrome is of crucial importance in order to prevent the development of the disease and its complications and particularly to reduce the cardiovascular risk of these patients. The purpose of this study is to highlight the particular features of endocrine pathologies accompanied by an increased risk of developing diabetes, in the context of personalized therapeutic decision making. The epidemiological, physiopathological, clinical and therapeutic approaches are presented along with the importance of screening for diabetes in endocrine diseases.
继发性糖尿病在专业文献中经常被忽视。在本综述中，确定了伴随血糖升高的主要内分泌病变，以及某些激素过多或缺乏如何影响β细胞功能或胰岛素抵抗的机制。描述了主要的内分泌病变（肢端肥大症、库欣综合征、格雷夫斯病、嗜铬细胞瘤、生长抑素瘤和胰高血糖素瘤）及其特征，以及激素变化对血糖、体重指数和其他与糖尿病相关参数的影响。了解导致继发性糖尿病和代谢综合征风险的复杂分子机制非常重要，这有助于预防疾病及其并发症的发生，特别是降低这些患者的心血管风险。本研究旨在突出伴有糖尿病发病风险增加的内分泌病变的特殊特征，以便在制定个体化治疗决策时参考。本文介绍了流行病学、病理生理学、临床和治疗方法，以及在内分泌疾病中筛查糖尿病的重要性。
