Sánchez-Torres María, Espadafor-López Beatriz, Llavero-Molino Isabel, Álvarez-Serrano María Adelaida, García-García Inmaculada, Hueso-Montoro César, Pérez-Morente María Ángeles
Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain.
Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Center for Sexually Transmitted Infections, Andalusian Health Service, 18012 Granada, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2023 Aug 12;12(16):5254. doi: 10.3390/jcm12165254.
(1) Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are a major public health problem due to their consequences in sexual and reproductive health. There is a close link between the crisis and the increase in communicable diseases. The objective of this study was to analyse the evolution of Sexually Transmitted Infections during the period 2000-2018 in the population attending the Centre for Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexual Orientation in Granada (Spain), specifically comparing the pre-crisis, crisis, and post-crisis periods. (2) Methods: A retrospective, observational, and analytical study was conducted by reviewing medical records. The sample analysed comprised 1666 cases. (3) Results: During the pre-crisis period (2000-2007), the percentage of diagnoses was 41.6% ( = 126) compared to 58.4% ( = 177) of negative results; during the crisis, the percentages were 63.5% ( = 183) and 36.5% ( = 105), respectively; and during the post-crisis period, the percentages were 42.9% ( = 157) and 57.1% ( = 209), respectively. The variables that were significantly associated with STI diagnosis were the time periods analysed, sexual orientation, occupation, and age at first intercourse. The evolution of the number of positive diagnoses during the entire study period showed a trend of progressive increase in Sexually Transmitted Infections from 2000 to 2018. (4) Conclusions: The period of economic crisis presented a higher risk of infection, although this is a finding with certain limitations due to the lack of homogeneity between the periods analysed.
(1) 背景：性传播感染（STIs）因其对性健康和生殖健康造成的后果，成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。这场危机与传染病的增加之间存在密切联系。本研究的目的是分析2000年至2018年期间，西班牙格拉纳达性传播疾病与性取向中心就诊人群中性传播感染的演变情况，具体比较危机前、危机期间和危机后时期。(2) 方法：通过查阅病历进行回顾性、观察性和分析性研究。分析的样本包括1666例病例。(3) 结果：在危机前时期（2000 - 2007年），诊断阳性率为41.6%（n = 126），阴性结果占58.4%（n = 177）；在危机期间，阳性率和阴性率分别为63.5%（n = 183）和36.5%（n = 105）；在危机后时期，阳性率和阴性率分别为42.9%（n = 157）和57.1%（n = 209）。与性传播感染诊断显著相关的变量有分析的时间段、性取向、职业以及首次性交年龄。在整个研究期间，阳性诊断数量的演变显示，2000年至2018年性传播感染呈逐步上升趋势。(4) 结论：经济危机时期感染风险更高，不过由于所分析时期缺乏同质性，这一发现存在一定局限性。
