Li Zhonglin, Yuan Hang, Chu Huikuan, Yang Ling
Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
Microorganisms. 2023 Aug 11;11(8):2059. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11082059.
Recently the roles of gut microbiota are highly regarded in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The intestinal bacteria regulate the metabolism of bile acids depending on bile salt hydrolase (BSH), 7-dehydroxylation, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSDH), or amide conjugation reaction, thus exerting effects on NAFLD development through bile acid receptors such as farnesoid X receptor (FXR), Takeda G-protein-coupled bile acid protein 5 (TGR5), and vitamin D receptor (VDR), which modulate nutrient metabolism and insulin sensitivity via interacting with downstream molecules. Reversely, the composition of gut microbiota is also affected by the level of bile acids in turn. We summarize the mutual regulation between the specific bacteria and bile acids in NAFLD and the latest clinical research based on microbiota and bile acids, which facilitate the development of novel treatment modalities in NAFLD.
近年来，肠道微生物群在非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）发病机制中的作用备受关注。肠道细菌通过胆汁盐水解酶（BSH）、7-脱羟基化、羟基类固醇脱氢酶（HSDH）或酰胺结合反应来调节胆汁酸的代谢，进而通过法尼醇X受体（FXR）、武田G蛋白偶联胆汁酸蛋白5（TGR5）和维生素D受体（VDR）等胆汁酸受体对NAFLD的发展产生影响，这些受体通过与下游分子相互作用来调节营养代谢和胰岛素敏感性。反之，肠道微生物群的组成也会受到胆汁酸水平的影响。我们总结了NAFLD中特定细菌与胆汁酸之间的相互调节以及基于微生物群和胆汁酸的最新临床研究，这有助于开发NAFLD的新型治疗方法。
