Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Mar 9;12:854879. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.854879. eCollection 2022.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains a common disease with a significant health and economic burden worldwide. The gut microbiota (GM) and bile acids (BAs), which play important roles in the gut-liver axis, have been confirmed to jointly participate in the development of NAFLD. GM not only regulate bile acids' synthesis, transport, and reabsorption by regulating other metabolites (such as trimetlyl amine oxide, butyrate), but also regulate dehydrogenation, dehydroxylation and desulfurization of bile acids. Meanwhile, disordered bile acids influence the gut microbiota mainly through promoting the bacterial death and lowering the microbial diversity. Although weight loss and lifestyle changes are effective in the treatment of NAFLD, the acceptability and compliance of patients are poor. Recently, increasing natural plants and their active ingredients have been proved to alleviate NAFLD by modulating the joint action of gut microbiota and bile acids, and considered to be promising potential candidates. In this review, we discuss the efficacy of natural plants in treating NAFLD in the context of their regulation of the complex interplay between the gut microbiota and bile acids, the crosstalk of which has been shown to significantly promote the progression of NAFLD. Herein, we summarize the prior work on this topic and further suggest future research directions in the field.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）仍然是一种常见疾病，在全球范围内具有显著的健康和经济负担。肠道微生物群（GM）和胆汁酸（BAs）在肠肝轴中起重要作用，已被证实共同参与 NAFLD 的发展。GM 不仅通过调节其他代谢物（如三甲胺氧化物、丁酸）来调节胆汁酸的合成、运输和重吸收，还调节胆汁酸的脱氢、去羟化和脱硫。同时，胆汁酸的紊乱主要通过促进细菌死亡和降低微生物多样性来影响肠道微生物群。虽然减肥和生活方式的改变对 NAFLD 的治疗有效，但患者的接受度和依从性较差。最近，越来越多的天然植物及其活性成分已被证明通过调节肠道微生物群和胆汁酸的共同作用来缓解 NAFLD，并被认为是有前途的潜在候选药物。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了天然植物在治疗 NAFLD 方面的功效，以及它们对肠道微生物群和胆汁酸之间复杂相互作用的调节，这些相互作用的相互作用已被证明可显著促进 NAFLD 的进展。在此，我们总结了这一领域的先前工作，并进一步提出了该领域的未来研究方向。
