Ocaña-Guzmán Ranferi, Osorio-Pérez Diego, Chavez-Galan Leslie
Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Mujer, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 Aug 9;16(8):1119. doi: 10.3390/ph16081119.
Manipulating the immune system by blocking the immune checkpoint receptors is the basis of immunotherapy, a relevant tool in current clinical oncology. The strategy of blocking the immune checkpoints (Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, ICI) consists of using monoclonal antibodies to inhibit the interaction between ligand and inhibitory receptors from triggering a complete activation of helper and cytotoxic T cells to fight against tumour cells. Immunotherapy has benefited patients with diverse cancers such as stomach, lung, melanoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, among others. Unfortunately, a growing number of reports have indicated that the ICI treatment also can show a dark side under specific conditions; some of the adverse effects induced by ICI are immunosuppression, opportunistic infections, and organ-specific alterations. This review discusses some immunologic aspects related to these unwanted effects.
通过阻断免疫检查点受体来操纵免疫系统是免疫疗法的基础，免疫疗法是当前临床肿瘤学中的一种重要工具。阻断免疫检查点（免疫检查点抑制剂，ICI）的策略包括使用单克隆抗体来抑制配体与抑制性受体之间的相互作用，从而触发辅助性T细胞和细胞毒性T细胞的完全激活以对抗肿瘤细胞。免疫疗法已使患有多种癌症的患者受益，如胃癌、肺癌、黑色素瘤和头颈部鳞状细胞癌等。不幸的是，越来越多的报告表明，ICI治疗在特定条件下也可能呈现出不利的一面；ICI诱导的一些不良反应包括免疫抑制、机会性感染和器官特异性改变。本综述讨论了与这些不良影响相关的一些免疫学方面。
