Zhang Xiaojie, Wu Yueju, Wang Xiaoming, Wang Wenfang, Huang Mingxia, Ma Zitan, Peng Jianying
College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Aug 14;12(16):2933. doi: 10.3390/plants12162933.
Hybrid breeding is the most important means of selecting pear () varieties, but a long juvenile period severely restricts the selection of new varieties. In this study, we used 'Yuluxiang' × 'Akituki' 4-year-old seedling trees to study the effects of plant growth regulators, ring stripping, and ring cutting on the promotion of phase change and flowering to assist in shortening the breeding cycle. A single application of 100 mg/kg 6-BA + 1000 mg/kg PP333 was most effective in promoting phase change and flowering. This treatment effectively inhibited the growth and thickening of annual shoots, significantly increased soluble sugar and protein contents in buds, increased the ABA content by 45.41%, decreased the IAA content by 7.35%, increased the expression of the flower-promoting genes and by 2273.41% and 1153.71%, respectively, and decreased the expression of the flower-suppressing gene by 74.92%. The flowering plant rate increased by 23.34% compared to the control. Both ring stripping and ring cutting were effective in promoting phase change and flowering, significantly increasing the flowering rate, inflorescence number, and the number of flowering plants. For improving the flowering rate, the ring-stripping treatment had the strongest effect and effectively inhibited the growth and thickening of annual shoots, while also significantly increasing the soluble sugar and protein contents in buds, reducing the contents of IAA and GA3 by 8.73% and 50.12%, respectively, increasing the expression of and by 80.01% and 821.14%, respectively, and reducing the expression of the flower-suppressing gene by 59.22%. In conclusion, ring stripping, ring cutting, and spraying of 100 mg/kg 6-BA + 1000 mg/kg PP333 were effective in promoting phase change and early flowering in seedling trees.
杂交育种是选育梨品种最重要的手段，但较长的童期严重限制了新品种的选育。在本研究中，我们以‘玉露香’ב秋月’4年生实生苗为试材，研究植物生长调节剂、环剥和环割对促进阶段转变和开花的影响，以助力缩短育种周期。单次施用100 mg/kg 6-苄氨基腺嘌呤（6-BA）+1000 mg/kg多效唑（PP333）对促进阶段转变和开花最为有效。该处理有效抑制了一年生枝条的生长和加粗，显著提高了芽中可溶性糖和蛋白质含量，使脱落酸（ABA）含量增加了45.41%，使生长素（IAA）含量降低了7.35%，促进开花基因和的表达分别提高了2273.41%和1153.71%，抑制开花基因的表达降低了74.92%。与对照相比，开花株率提高了23.34%。环剥和环割均能有效促进阶段转变和开花，显著提高开花率、花序数和开花植株数。对于提高开花率，环剥处理效果最强，有效抑制了一年生枝条的生长和加粗，同时显著提高了芽中可溶性糖和蛋白质含量，使IAA和赤霉素（GA3）含量分别降低了8.73%和50.12%，和的表达分别提高了80.01%和821.14%，抑制开花基因的表达降低了59.22%。综上所述，环剥、环割以及喷施100 mg/kg 6-BA + 1000 mg/kg PP333对促进实生苗阶段转变和提早开花均有效。
