Monmai Chaiwat, Kim Jin-Suk, Sim Hyun Bo, Yun Doh-Won, Oh Sung-Dug, Rha Eui-Shik, Kim Jong-Jin, Baek So-Hyeon
Department of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 59722, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biomedical Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Republic of Korea.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Aug 11;15(8):2123. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082123.
Ginseng is a traditional medicine with health benefits for humans. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is an important bioactive compound found in ginseng. Transgenic rice containing PPD has been generated previously. In the present study, extracts of this transgenic rice were evaluated to assess their antiadipogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. During adipogenesis, cells were treated with transgenic rice seed extracts. The results revealed that the concentrations of the rice seed extracts tested in this study did not affect cell viability at 3 days post-treatment. However, the rice seed extracts significantly reduced the accumulation of lipids in cells and suppressed the activation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which in turn inhibited the expression of adipogenesis-related mRNAs, such as adiponectin, PPARγ, C/EBPα, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, glucose transport member 4, and fatty acid synthase. In adipocytes, the extracts significantly reduced the mRNA expression of inflammation-related factors following LPS treatment. The activation of NF-κB p65 and ERK 1/2 was inhibited in extract-treated adipocytes. Moreover, treatment with extract #8 markedly reduced the cell population of the G2/M phase. Collectively, these results indicate that transgenic rice containing PPD may act as an obesity-reducing and/or -preventing agent.
人参是一种对人类健康有益的传统药物。原人参二醇（PPD）是人参中发现的一种重要生物活性化合物。先前已培育出含PPD的转基因水稻。在本研究中，对这种转基因水稻的提取物进行了评估，以测定其抗脂肪生成和抗炎活性。在脂肪生成过程中，用转基因水稻种子提取物处理细胞。结果显示，本研究中测试的水稻种子提取物浓度在处理后3天不影响细胞活力。然而，水稻种子提取物显著减少了细胞内脂质的积累，并抑制了CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白α（C/EBPα）和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARγ）的激活，进而抑制了脂肪生成相关mRNA的表达，如脂联素、PPARγ、C/EBPα、固醇调节元件结合蛋白1、葡萄糖转运蛋白4和脂肪酸合酶。在脂肪细胞中，提取物显著降低了脂多糖处理后炎症相关因子的mRNA表达。提取物处理的脂肪细胞中NF-κB p65和ERK 1/2的激活受到抑制。此外，提取物#8处理显著减少了G2/M期的细胞数量。总体而言，这些结果表明含PPD的转基因水稻可能作为一种减轻和/或预防肥胖的药物。
