Sports and Wellbeing Analytics, Swansea SA7 0AJ, UK.
Institute of Sport and Exercise Health (ISEH), Division Surgery Interventional Science, University College London, London W1T 7HA, UK.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Aug 10;23(16):7068. doi: 10.3390/s23167068.
Head impacts in sports can produce brain injuries. The accurate quantification of head kinematics through instrumented mouthguards (iMG) can help identify underlying brain motion during injurious impacts. The aim of the current study is to assess the validity of an iMG across a large range of linear and rotational accelerations to allow for on-field head impact monitoring.
Drop tests of an instrumented helmeted anthropometric testing device (ATD) were performed across a range of impact magnitudes and locations, with iMG measures collected concurrently. ATD and iMG kinematics were also fed forward to high-fidelity brain models to predict maximal principal strain.
The impacts produced a wide range of head kinematics (16-171 g, 1330-10,164 rad/s and 11.3-41.5 rad/s) and durations (6-18 ms), representing impacts in rugby and boxing. Comparison of the peak values across ATD and iMG indicated high levels of agreement, with a total concordance correlation coefficient of 0.97 for peak impact kinematics and 0.97 for predicted brain strain. We also found good agreement between iMG and ATD measured time-series kinematic data, with the highest normalized root mean squared error for rotational velocity (5.47 ± 2.61%) and the lowest for rotational acceleration (1.24 ± 0.86%). Our results confirm that the iMG can reliably measure laboratory-based head kinematics under a large range of accelerations and is suitable for future on-field validity assessments.
运动中的头部撞击会导致脑损伤。通过仪器化的口腔防护装置（iMG）准确量化头部运动学可以帮助识别受伤冲击时大脑的潜在运动。本研究的目的是评估 iMG 在大范围线性和旋转加速度下的有效性，以允许在现场进行头部撞击监测。
在一系列撞击幅度和位置上对仪器化的头盔人体测量试验装置（ATD）进行跌落测试，并同时采集 iMG 测量值。ATD 和 iMG 运动学也被前馈到高保真大脑模型中，以预测最大主应变。
这些撞击产生了广泛的头部运动学范围（16-171 g、1330-10164 rad/s 和 11.3-41.5 rad/s）和持续时间（6-18 ms），代表了橄榄球和拳击运动中的撞击。ATD 和 iMG 的峰值值比较表明高度一致，峰值冲击运动学的总一致性相关系数为 0.97，预测的大脑应变的总一致性相关系数为 0.97。我们还发现 iMG 和 ATD 测量的时间序列运动学数据之间有很好的一致性，旋转速度的归一化均方根误差最高（5.47 ± 2.61%），旋转加速度的归一化均方根误差最低（1.24 ± 0.86%）。我们的结果证实，iMG 可以可靠地测量大范围加速度下的实验室头部运动学，适用于未来的现场有效性评估。
