Rahman M D Tazikur, Ryu Sukhyun, Achangwa Chiara, Hwang Joo-Hee, Hwang Jeong-Hwan, Lee Chang-Seop
Department of Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Aug 1;11(8):1314. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11081314.
As many SARS-CoV-2 infections are asymptomatic, it could be useful to be able to determine how much time has passed since infection. We explored the changes in the temporal levels of T cell-related proteins (including perforin and granzymes) in the sera of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection using a commercially available assay.
This study enrolled 36 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and 20 healthy control participants. Blood samples were collected at three different times based on the number of days since symptom onset (early phase: 1-5 days, mid-phase: 6-10 days, late phase: 11-18 days). We assessed the temporal changes in the serum levels of perforin and granzymes in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection by comparing the results with those obtained in the healthy control group.
We identified a significantly low level of perforin in the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection ( < 0.01), which was restored to normal during the mid- and late phases of the infection. However, there was no difference in the temporal change in the level of granzymes in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients compared to the healthy control group.
This finding suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection paralyzed the perforin expression in the early period immediately after infection. Thus, serum perforin is a potential marker for identifying the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
由于许多新冠病毒感染是无症状的，能够确定感染后经过了多长时间可能会很有用。我们使用一种市售检测方法，探索了新冠病毒感染患者血清中T细胞相关蛋白（包括穿孔素和颗粒酶）的时间水平变化。
本研究纳入了36名新冠病毒感染患者和20名健康对照参与者。根据症状出现后的天数在三个不同时间采集血样（早期：1 - 5天，中期：6 - 10天，晚期：11 - 18天）。我们通过将结果与健康对照组获得的结果进行比较，评估了新冠病毒感染患者血清中穿孔素和颗粒酶水平的时间变化。
我们发现新冠病毒感染早期穿孔素水平显著降低（<0.01），在感染的中期和晚期恢复正常。然而，与健康对照组相比，新冠病毒感染患者颗粒酶水平的时间变化没有差异。
这一发现表明，新冠病毒感染在感染后立即的早期使穿孔素表达瘫痪。因此，血清穿孔素是识别新冠病毒感染急性期的潜在标志物。
