Poole-Warren L A, Taylor P C, Farrell P C
Pathology. 1986 Apr;18(2):237-9. doi: 10.3109/00313028609059466.
Patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) are constantly exposed to microbial invasion of the peritoneal cavity and rapid microbiological diagnosis of peritonitis is essential. Aseptic peritonitis is diagnosed in a high proportion of episodes when small volumes of dialysate are cultured. The aims of this study were to enumerate the microorganisms associated with clinical peritonitis and compare the efficacy of various culture systems for laboratory diagnosis of peritonitis. Four qualitative culture systems were compared: low (1 ml) volume and high (10 ml) volume inoculations of broth media, centrifugation (10 ml) followed by culture of the sediment and filtration (less than or equal to 100 ml) followed by culture of the filter. The pour plate and drop plate were the 2 quantitative methods used. Results of this study indicate that culture of 10 ml fluid volumes is comparable to culture of larger volumes sampled by filtration. Low volume cultures of fluid resulted in a lower proportion of positive cultures. The low numbers of viable microorganisms often found in dialysate from patients with peritonitis supports the concept of culturing a minimum of 10 ml of fluid.
接受持续性非卧床腹膜透析（CAPD）治疗的患者持续面临腹膜腔微生物入侵的风险，因此对腹膜炎进行快速微生物诊断至关重要。当对少量透析液进行培养时，在很大比例的病例中会诊断出无菌性腹膜炎。本研究的目的是列举与临床腹膜炎相关的微生物，并比较各种培养系统对腹膜炎实验室诊断的效果。比较了四种定性培养系统：向肉汤培养基中接种低体积（1 ml）和高体积（10 ml）的样本、离心（10 ml）后培养沉淀物以及过滤（小于或等于100 ml）后培养滤器。倾注平板法和点滴平板法是使用的两种定量方法。本研究结果表明，10 ml液体体积的培养与通过过滤采集的较大体积样本的培养效果相当。低体积液体培养导致阳性培养的比例较低。腹膜炎患者透析液中通常发现的存活微生物数量较少，这支持了培养至少10 ml液体的概念。
