Strife C F, Quinlan M, Waldo F B, Fryer C J, Jackson E C, Welch T R, McEnery P T, West C D
Pediatrics. 1986 Nov;78(5):861-5.
Twenty-three episodes of acute elevation of BP related to renal disease in 13 chronically hypertensive children 2 to 18 years of age were treated with a single oral dose of minoxidil. All except one patient were receiving a diuretic and all but one a beta-blocking agent at the time of minoxidil treatment. The goal of lowering BP to or below the 95th percentile for age within four hours of minoxidil administration was achieved in 14 of 23 treatment episodes. The goal was achieved in nine of 11 (82%) when the dose of minoxidil was greater than or equal to 0.2 mg/kg and in five of 12 (42%) when the dose was less than 0.2 mg/kg (P less than .05). In patients treated with greater than or equal to 0.2 mg/kg of minoxidil, mean systolic and diastolic BP decreased significantly from pretreatment values within one hour. In patients receiving less than 0.2 mg/kg, mean systolic BP was never significantly reduced and mean diastolic BP did not change significantly for two hours. Adverse effects were minimal. The results indicate that minoxidil in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg in combination with a diuretic and beta-blocking agent will lower BP to safe levels in most patients with severe hypertension related to renal disease within four hours with minimal side effects.
对13名2至18岁的慢性高血压儿童中与肾脏疾病相关的23次急性血压升高发作给予单剂量口服米诺地尔进行治疗。在米诺地尔治疗时，除1名患者外其他患者均在服用利尿剂，除1名患者外其他患者均在服用β受体阻滞剂。在米诺地尔给药后4小时内，23次治疗发作中有14次实现了将血压降至或低于年龄对应的第95百分位数的目标。当米诺地尔剂量大于或等于0.2mg/kg时，11次中有9次（82%）实现了目标；当剂量小于0.2mg/kg时，12次中有5次（42%）实现了目标（P<0.05）。在接受大于或等于0.2mg/kg米诺地尔治疗的患者中，平均收缩压和舒张压在1小时内较治疗前值显著下降。在接受小于0.2mg/kg米诺地尔治疗的患者中，平均收缩压从未显著降低，平均舒张压在两小时内未显著变化。不良反应极小。结果表明，0.2mg/kg剂量的米诺地尔与利尿剂和β受体阻滞剂联合使用，可在4小时内将大多数与肾脏疾病相关的重度高血压患者的血压降至安全水平，且副作用极小。
