Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2023 Oct;141:109028. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109028. Epub 2023 Aug 24.
Though Procambarus clarkii (red swamp crayfish) is a lower invertebrate, it has nonetheless developed a complex innate immune system. The crayfish farming industry has suffered considerable economic losses in recent years as a consequence of bacterial and viral diseases. Hence, perhaps the most effective ways to prevent microbial infections in P. clarkii are to examine and elucidate its innate immunity. The first step in the immune response is to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). PRRs are expressed mainly on immune cell surfaces and recognize at least one PAMP. Thence, downstream immune responses are activated and pathogens are phagocytosed. To date, the PRRs identified in P. clarkii include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), lectins, fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs), and β-1,3-glucan-binding proteins (BGRPs). The present review addresses recent progress in research on PRRs and aims to provide guidance for improving immunity and preventing and treating infectious diseases in P. clarkii.
虽然克氏原螯虾（红螯螯虾）是一种较低等的无脊椎动物，但它已经发展出了复杂的先天免疫系统。近年来，由于细菌性和病毒性疾病，小龙虾养殖业遭受了相当大的经济损失。因此，预防克氏原螯虾微生物感染的最有效方法可能是研究和阐明其先天免疫。免疫反应的第一步是通过模式识别受体（PRRs）识别病原体相关的分子模式（PAMPs）。PRRs 主要表达在免疫细胞表面，并识别至少一种 PAMP。然后，下游的免疫反应被激活，病原体被吞噬。迄今为止，已在克氏原螯虾中鉴定出的 PRRs 包括 Toll 样受体（TLRs）、凝集素、纤维蛋白原相关蛋白（FREPs）和β-1,3-葡聚糖结合蛋白（BGRPs）。本综述介绍了 PRRs 研究的最新进展，旨在为提高克氏原螯虾的免疫力以及预防和治疗传染病提供指导。
