Noethen Maximilian, Hemmerle Hannes, Menberg Kathrin, Epting Jannis, Benz Susanne A, Blum Philipp, Bayer Peter
Department of Applied Geology, Institute of Geosciences and Geography, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
Department of Applied Geology, Institute of Geosciences and Geography, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 10;903:166572. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166572. Epub 2023 Aug 24.
Built-up areas are known to heavily impact the thermal regime of the shallow subsurface. In many cities, the answer to densification is to increase the height and depth of buildings, which leads to a steady growth in the number of underground car parks. These underground car parks are heated by waste heat from car engines and are typically several degrees warmer than the surrounding subsurface, which makes them a heat source for ambient subsurface and groundwater. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate the thermal impact of 31 underground car parks in six cities and to upscale the thermal impact that underground car parks have on the subsurface in Berlin, Germany. Underground car parks have daily, weekly, and seasonal temperature patterns that respond to air circulation and traffic frequency, resulting in net heat fluxes of 0.3 to 15.5 W/m at the measured sites. For the studied underground car parks in Berlin, the emitted annual thermal energy is about 0.65 PJ. Recycling this waste heat with geothermal heat pumps would provide a sustainable alternative for green energy and counteract the urban heat island by cooling of the shallow subsurface.
众所周知，建成区对浅层地下的热状况有重大影响。在许多城市，应对人口密集化的方法是增加建筑物的高度和深度，这导致地下停车场数量稳步增长。这些地下停车场由汽车发动机的废热加热，通常比周围地下温度高几度，这使它们成为周围地下和地下水的热源。因此，本研究的目的是调查六个城市中31个地下停车场的热影响，并扩大地下停车场对德国柏林地下的热影响。地下停车场具有每日、每周和季节性的温度模式，这些模式会对空气流通和交通频率做出反应，在所测地点产生的净热通量为0.3至15.5瓦/平方米。对于柏林研究的地下停车场，每年排放的热能约为0.65 PJ。用地热热泵回收这些废热将为绿色能源提供可持续的替代方案，并通过冷却浅层地下缓解城市热岛效应。
