Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering, Guangdong, Zhuhai, 519000, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering, Guangdong, Zhuhai, 519000, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2023 Oct;141:109030. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109030. Epub 2023 Aug 25.
Emerging evidence indicates that the intestinal bacterial communities associated with eukaryotes play critical roles in the physiological activities and health of their hosts. Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis, one of the cold-water aquaculture species in the North Yellow Sea of China, has suffered from massive mortality in recent years. In the present study, P. yessoensis were collected from Zhangzi Island, Dalian from March 2021 to January 2022 to investigate the intestinal bacterial community and physiological indices. 16S rRNA gene sequencing data revealed that the diversity of intestinal bacteria changed significantly over seasons, with the highest Chao1 (237.42) and Shannon (6.13) indices detected in January and the lowest Chao1 (115.44) and Shannon (2.73) indices detected in July. Tenericutes, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were dominant phyla in the intestinal bacteria of P. yessoensis, among which Firmicutes and Proteobacteria significantly enriched in August and January, respectively. Mycoplasma was the most abundant genus during the sampling period, which exhibited the highest abundance in October (75.26%) and lowest abundance in August (13.15%). The functional profiles of intestinal bacteria also exhibited seasonal variation, with the pathways related to pentose phosphate and deoxyribonucleotides biosynthesis enriched in August while the glycogen biosynthesis pathway enriched in October. Redundancy analysis showed that seawater pH, dissolved inorganic nitrogen and silicate were major environmental factors driving the temporal succession of scallop intestinal bacteria. Correlation clustering analysis suggested that the relative abundances of Endozoicomonas and Vibrio in the intestine were positively correlated with superoxide dismutase activity in hepatopancreas while negatively correlated with malondialdehyde content in hepatopancreas and glycogen content in adductor muscle. All the results revealed that the intestine harbored a lower bacterial diversity and a higher abundance of Vibrio in August, compared to January, which were closely related to the oxidative stress status of scallop in summer. These findings will advance our understanding of the relationship between seasonal alteration in the intestinal bacteria and the physiological status of scallops.
越来越多的证据表明，与真核生物相关的肠道细菌群落对宿主的生理活动和健康起着至关重要的作用。虾夷扇贝（Patinopecten yessoensis）是中国黄海冷水性养殖物种之一，近年来遭受了大规模死亡。本研究于 2021 年 3 月至 2022 年 1 月从大连獐子岛采集虾夷扇贝样本，以研究其肠道细菌群落和生理指标。16S rRNA 基因测序数据显示，肠道细菌的多样性随季节变化显著，1 月的 Chao1（237.42）和 Shannon（6.13）指数最高，7 月的 Chao1（115.44）和 Shannon（2.73）指数最低。厚壁菌门、变形菌门和Firmicutes 是虾夷扇贝肠道细菌的主要门，其中 Firmicutes 和 Proteobacteria 分别在 8 月和 1 月显著富集。支原体是整个采样期间最丰富的属，10 月（75.26%）含量最高，8 月（13.15%）含量最低。肠道细菌的功能谱也表现出季节性变化，8 月戊糖磷酸和脱氧核糖核苷酸生物合成途径富集，10 月糖原生物合成途径富集。冗余分析表明，海水 pH、溶解无机氮和硅酸盐是驱动扇贝肠道细菌时间演替的主要环境因素。相关聚类分析表明，肠道内内共生菌（Endozoicomonas）和弧菌（Vibrio）的相对丰度与肝胰腺中超氧化物歧化酶活性呈正相关，与肝胰腺中丙二醛含量和肌肉中糖原含量呈负相关。所有结果表明，与 1 月相比，8 月虾夷扇贝肠道细菌多样性较低，弧菌丰度较高，这与夏季虾夷扇贝的氧化应激状态密切相关。这些发现将增进我们对肠道细菌季节性变化与扇贝生理状态之间关系的理解。
