Greenwood R D
Postgrad Med. 1986 Oct;80(5):257-9, 262, 264. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1986.11699574.
Mitral valve prolapse is the most common cardiovascular abnormality in children and is diagnosed by the presence of a nonejection click with or without an associated murmur. Abnormalities are infrequently seen on ECG, but when present they raise concern as to long-term prognosis. Children who have such abnormalities should undergo exercise testing and Holter monitoring. Patients who have dysrhythmia should be followed closely, even if they are asymptomatic, because they may be at risk for morbidity and death. Restrictions on physical activity are required only if it exacerbates chest pain or dysrhythmia.
二尖瓣脱垂是儿童中最常见的心血管异常，通过有无相关杂音的非喷射性喀喇音来诊断。心电图上很少出现异常，但一旦出现则会引发对长期预后的担忧。有此类异常的儿童应进行运动试验和动态心电图监测。有节律失常的患者，即使无症状也应密切随访，因为他们可能有发病和死亡风险。仅在身体活动会加重胸痛或节律失常时才需要限制身体活动。
