Hao Liangyun, Zhang Junkai, Liu Jia, Min Yuting, Chen Chunguang
School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
Chem Rec. 2023 Dec;23(12):e202300203. doi: 10.1002/tcr.202300203. Epub 2023 Aug 28.
In recent years, water pollution has posed a serious threat to aquatic organisms and humans. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) show high oxidation, good selectivity, wide pH range and no secondary pollution in the removal of organic pollutants in water. Carbon-based materials are emerging green catalysts that can effectively activate persulfates to generate radical and non-radical active species to degrade organic pollutants. Compared with transition metal catalysts, carbon-based materials are widely used in SR-AOPs because of their low cost, non-toxicity, acid and alkali resistance, large specific surface area, and scalable surface charge, which can be used for selective control of specific water pollutants. This paper mainly presents several carbon-based materials used to activate PMS, including raw carbon materials and modified carbon materials (heteroatom-doped and metal-doped), analyzes and summarizes the mechanism of activating PMS by carbon-based catalysts, and discusses the influencing factors (temperature, pH, PMS concentration, catalyst concentration, inorganic anions, inorganic cations and dissolved oxygen) in the activation process. Finally, the future challenges and prospects of carbon-based materials in water pollution control are also presented.
近年来，水污染对水生生物和人类构成了严重威胁。基于过一硫酸氢钾复合盐（PMS）的高级氧化工艺（AOPs）在去除水中有机污染物方面表现出高氧化性、良好的选择性、较宽的pH范围且无二次污染。碳基材料是新兴的绿色催化剂，能够有效活化过硫酸盐以产生自由基和非自由基活性物种来降解有机污染物。与过渡金属催化剂相比，碳基材料因其成本低、无毒、耐酸碱、比表面积大以及可调节的表面电荷等特点，在过硫酸盐活化氧化工艺（SR-AOPs）中被广泛应用，可用于选择性控制特定的水污染物。本文主要介绍了几种用于活化PMS的碳基材料，包括原始碳材料和改性碳材料（杂原子掺杂和金属掺杂），分析总结了碳基催化剂活化PMS的机理，并讨论了活化过程中的影响因素（温度、pH、PMS浓度、催化剂浓度、无机阴离子、无机阳离子和溶解氧）。最后，还介绍了碳基材料在水污染控制方面未来面临的挑战和前景。
