Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology. Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology. Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2023 Nov;340:139956. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139956. Epub 2023 Aug 26.
The incorrect disposal of textile dyes, such as Reactive Black 5 (RB5), causes several problems for living beings and the quality of the environment. Nanobiocomposites (NBC) produced from endophytic fungi (potentially remediation dyes-agents) and magnetic nanoparticles have high biotechnological potential due to their superparamagnetic behavior, which would allow their recovery through the magnetic field after the bioremediation process. This work aimed to obtain a new nanobiocomposite from the interaction of magnetite nanoparticles (FeO) with the endophyte Aspergillus flavus (Af-CL-7) to evaluate its bioremediation capacity and to reduce the toxicity of RB5 and its reuse. Before obtaining the NBC, Af-CL-7 showed discoloration of RB5 and it was tolerant to all tested concentrations of this dye. The discovery of the nanobiocomposite textile dye bioremediator product presents a significant environmental advantage by addressing the issue of water pollution caused by textile dyes. The NBC called Af-FeO was successfully obtained with the magnetized endophyte, and their magnetic properties were verified by VSM analysis and by action of magnetic fields generated by Nd-Fe-B magnets SEM analyzes showed that the nanoparticles did not cause any damage to the hypha morphology, and TEM analyzes confirmed the presence of nanoparticles in the fungus wall and also inside the cell. The NBC Af-FeO and Af-CL-7 showed, respectively, 96.1% and 92.2% of RB5 discoloration in the first use, 91.1% e 86.2% of discoloration in the validation test, and 89.0% in NBC reuse. In the toxicological bioassay with Lactuca sativa seeds, NBC showed a positive reduction in the toxicity of RB5 after treatment, allowing the hypocotyl growth to be statistically similar to the control with water. Thus, we highlight the promising obtaining process of NBC that could be applied in bioremediation of contaminated waters, wherein the industrial economic cost will depend on the fermentation efficiency, biomass production and nanoparticle synthesis.
纺织染料（如活性黑 5（RB5））的不当处理会对生物和环境质量造成多种问题。从内生真菌（潜在的修复染料剂）和磁性纳米颗粒中生产的纳米生物复合材料（NBC）具有高生物技术潜力，因为它们的超顺磁性行为可以在生物修复过程后通过磁场回收。这项工作旨在从磁铁矿纳米颗粒（FeO）与内生真菌黄曲霉（Af-CL-7）的相互作用中获得一种新的纳米生物复合材料，以评估其生物修复能力，并降低 RB5 的毒性及其再利用。在获得 NBC 之前，Af-CL-7 显示出 RB5 的脱色作用，并且对所有测试浓度的这种染料都具有耐受性。这种新型纳米生物复合材料纺织品染料生物修复剂产品的发现具有显著的环境优势，因为它解决了由纺织染料引起的水污染问题。成功地获得了带有磁化内生菌的 NBC Af-FeO，并且通过 VSM 分析和 Nd-Fe-B 磁铁产生的磁场的作用验证了它们的磁性。SEM 分析表明，纳米颗粒不会对菌丝形态造成任何损害，TEM 分析证实了纳米颗粒存在于真菌壁中和细胞内。NBC Af-FeO 和 Af-CL-7 分别在首次使用时显示出 96.1%和 92.2%的 RB5 脱色率，在验证试验中显示出 91.1%和 86.2%的脱色率，在 NBC 再利用中显示出 89.0%的脱色率。在对莴苣种子的毒理学生物测定中，NBC 显示出 RB5 毒性在处理后呈阳性降低，使得下胚轴生长在统计学上与水对照相似。因此，我们突出了 NBC 的有前景的获得过程，该过程可应用于受污染水的生物修复，其中工业经济成本将取决于发酵效率、生物量生产和纳米颗粒合成。
