Baird Andrew, Pun Christopher, Asfaw Asfawossen
Family Medicine, Grand Strand Medical Center, Myrtle Beach, USA.
School of Medicine, Edward via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Carolinas Campus, Spartanburg, USA.
Cureus. 2023 Jul 28;15(7):e42610. doi: 10.7759/cureus.42610. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Splenic injury is a potentially fatal injury if left undetected or untreated. Although most splenic injuries result from a traumatic event, it is important to consider if one's history (past or present) increases their risk for splenic injury (i.e., splenomegaly). We present a case regarding a school-age child who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with abdominal pain following a ground-level fall onto a carpeted stair step. Prior to this injury, the patient had cold-like symptoms for 3 months that were treated solely with supportive care by their pediatrician(s). A transferring hospital's abdominal CT imaging revealed a grade III splenic laceration. The patient was monitored in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) by way of serial abdominal examinations, vitals, and labs. When the patient was cleared for discharge, it was recommended to refrain from strenuous activity for 1-2 months due to the risk of repeat splenic injury. Post-discharge, the patient's Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology returned and was consistent with a past infection which was an inconclusive finding. Although trauma is most commonly the culprit of splenic injuries, it is important to keep differentials broad when considering causes of splenomegaly as this may allow healthcare providers to potentially prevent injury/provide appropriate management post-injury and guide return-to-play recommendations.
脾损伤若未被发现或未得到治疗,可能会成为致命伤。尽管大多数脾损伤是由外伤引起的,但考虑个人病史(过去或现在)是否会增加脾损伤风险(如脾肿大)很重要。我们报告一例学龄儿童病例,该患儿因从铺有地毯的楼梯台阶上平地摔倒后出现腹痛而被送往急诊科。在此次受伤之前,该患者有3个月的类似感冒症状,儿科医生仅给予支持性治疗。转诊医院的腹部CT成像显示为Ⅲ级脾裂伤。通过连续的腹部检查、生命体征监测和实验室检查,该患者在儿科重症监护病房(PICU)接受监测。患者获准出院时,由于存在再次发生脾损伤的风险,建议其在1 - 2个月内避免剧烈活动。出院后,患者的EB病毒(EBV)血清学检查结果显示与既往感染一致,这是一个不确定的发现。尽管外伤是脾损伤最常见的原因,但在考虑脾肿大的病因时,保持广泛的鉴别诊断很重要,因为这可能使医疗保健提供者有可能预防损伤/在损伤后提供适当的管理,并指导恢复运动的建议。