Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Neurology, Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Acta Neurol Belg. 2024 Feb;124(1):169-173. doi: 10.1007/s13760-023-02365-0. Epub 2023 Aug 29.
We aimed to investigate the rates of positive screening for depression, anxiety, stress, and suicide risk in adults with seizures [i.e., well-matched groups of patients with focal epilepsy vs. idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) vs. functional seizures (FS)].
This was a cross sectional study. Patients, 19-55 years of age, with a diagnosis of IGE, focal epilepsy or FS were investigated at the outpatient epilepsy clinic at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, from September 2022 until January 2023 and during their follow-up visits. We used the validated Farsi version of DASS-21 (Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale) to investigate and screen for depression, anxiety, and stress in these patients. We also used the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI).
Forty patients with focal epilepsy, 40 persons with IGE, and 40 individuals with FS were included. Depression and anxiety were more prevalent among patients with FS compared with those with epilepsy. The rate of stress among patients with FS was not significantly different compared with that in patients with epilepsy. The suicide risks were not significantly different between the groups either.
Patients with FS are at high risk for psychiatric comorbidities that is comparable or even worse than that in patients with epilepsy. Specific validated scales to screen for psychiatric comorbidities and suicide risk should be integral components of the evaluation and treatment of all patients with seizures.
我们旨在调查癫痫患者（即局灶性癫痫与特发性全面性癫痫 [IGE] 及功能性癫痫 [FS] 的匹配患者组）中抑郁、焦虑、压力和自杀风险的阳性筛查率。
这是一项横断面研究。2022 年 9 月至 2023 年 1 月，在伊朗设拉子大学医学科学分校的癫痫门诊对年龄在 19-55 岁之间、诊断为 IGE、局灶性癫痫或 FS 的患者进行了调查，并在随访期间对他们进行了调查。我们使用经过验证的 Farsi 版 DASS-21（抑郁、焦虑和压力量表）来调查和筛查这些患者的抑郁、焦虑和压力。我们还使用了 Beck 自杀意念量表（BSSI）。
共纳入 40 例局灶性癫痫患者、40 例 IGE 患者和 40 例 FS 患者。FS 患者的抑郁和焦虑发生率高于癫痫患者。FS 患者的压力发生率与癫痫患者相比无显著差异。各组之间的自杀风险也无显著差异。
FS 患者存在精神共病的风险较高，与癫痫患者相当，甚至更差。用于筛查精神共病和自杀风险的特定验证量表应成为所有癫痫患者评估和治疗的不可或缺组成部分。
