Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, Freight, Transit, & Heavy Vehicle Safety, USA.
University of Idaho, Psychology and Communication Studies, USA.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2023 Dec 20;48(12):995-1002. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad056.
Pediatric unintentional injury significantly burdens children, families, and society. Behavioral researchers have examined the problem for decades, identifying many risk factors and greatly enhancing knowledge of the injury antecedent process. Approaches using theories and models to guide inquiry into etiology and prevention are still needed. We offer an approach borrowed from the field of human factors to enhance understanding and prevention. We focus our exploration on an error modeling and accident investigation tool called the Swiss Cheese Model. We first introduce the basic elements of the model. Next, we apply error modeling concepts to example scenarios drawn from real unintentional incidents and discuss the implications for understanding etiology and prevention. Finally, potential future directions are discussed to illustrate paths for the advancement of injury etiology and prevention.
儿科意外伤害严重影响儿童、家庭和社会。行为研究人员几十年来一直在研究这个问题，确定了许多风险因素，并极大地提高了对伤害前因过程的认识。仍需要采用理论和模型方法来指导病因学和预防研究。我们提供了一种从人为因素领域借鉴的方法来增强理解和预防。我们将重点放在一种错误建模和事故调查工具上，称为“瑞士奶酪模型”。我们首先介绍模型的基本要素。接下来，我们将错误建模概念应用于从真实意外伤害事件中提取的示例场景，并讨论对理解病因学和预防的意义。最后，讨论了潜在的未来方向，以说明推进伤害病因学和预防的途径。
