Department of Health and Inequalities, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Aug 29;23(1):1660. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16571-1.
Little is known about the prevalence of overweight/obesity and socio-economic position (SEP) in children with immigrant background in Scandinavia. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of overweight/obesity by immigrant background among children in Norway and to explore the role of SEP in explaining differences in weight status.
Anthropometric data from 8,858 children (age 8.3 years) from the population-based Norwegian Childhood Growth Study were used. Information about immigrant background, country of origin, and parental education (used as an indicator of SEP) were provided by Statistics Norway. For children with immigrant background, regional background was determined based on country of origin. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated for overweight/obesity and weight-to-height-ratio (WHtR) ≥ 0.5 by immigration and regional background, using generalized estimating equation log-binominal models adjusting for sex, age, survey year (model 1), residential area, population density (model 2) and parental education (model 3).
Children with immigrant background had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity and WHtR ≥ 0.5 than non-immigrant background children. Adjusted for parental education, children with an immigrant background from Southern and Eastern Europe, Asia except South-Asia, and Africa had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity [PR: 1.37 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.72), 1.28 (1.05-1.57), 1.47 (1.13-1.91), respectively] than children with a non-immigrant background. Children originating from Asia except South-Asia had a higher prevalence of WHtR ≥ 0.5 (PR: 1.64, CI: 1.25-2.15) compared to non-immigrant background children. The adjustment for parental education did not substantially change the results.
Children with immigrant background had higher prevalence of overweight/obesity than non-immigrant background children. The difference varied according to region of origin but not substantially according to parental education. There is a need for culturally acceptable preventative measures targeting the parents of immigrant background children.
在斯堪的纳维亚半岛，关于具有移民背景的儿童超重/肥胖和社会经济地位（SEP）的流行情况知之甚少。本研究的目的是检查挪威儿童的超重/肥胖流行情况，并探讨 SEP 在解释体重状况差异中的作用。
本研究使用了基于人群的挪威儿童生长研究中 8858 名儿童（8.3 岁）的人体测量数据。移民背景、原籍国和父母教育（用作 SEP 的指标）的信息由挪威统计局提供。对于具有移民背景的儿童，根据原籍国确定地区背景。使用广义估计方程对数二项式模型，在调整性别、年龄、调查年份（模型 1）、居住区域、人口密度（模型 2）和父母教育（模型 3）后，按移民和地区背景估计超重/肥胖和体重与身高比（WHtR）≥0.5 的比值比（PR）。
具有移民背景的儿童超重/肥胖和 WHtR≥0.5 的比例高于无移民背景的儿童。在调整父母教育后，来自南欧和东欧、亚洲（不包括南亚）和非洲的移民背景儿童超重/肥胖的发生率更高[比值比（PR）：1.37（95%置信区间（CI）：1.10-1.72）、1.28（1.05-1.57）、1.47（1.13-1.91）]，而非移民背景儿童。与非移民背景儿童相比，来自亚洲（不包括南亚）的儿童 WHtR≥0.5 的发生率更高（PR：1.64，CI：1.25-2.15）。调整父母教育后，结果基本没有变化。
具有移民背景的儿童超重/肥胖的发生率高于无移民背景的儿童。这种差异因原籍地区而异，但与父母教育关系不大。需要针对移民背景儿童的父母制定文化上可接受的预防措施。
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