Lakhtaria Paranjeet, Ribeirinha Paulo, Huhtinen Werneri, Viik Saara, Sousa José, Mendes Adélio
LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal.
VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 4 C, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland.
Open Res Eur. 2022 Mar 23;1:81. doi: 10.12688/openreseurope.13812.3. eCollection 2021.
Aqueous-phase reforming (APR) can convert methanol and other oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrogen and carbon dioxide at lower temperatures when compared with the corresponding gas phase process. APR favours the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction and inhibits alkane formation; moreover, it is a simpler and more energy efficient process compared to gas-phase steam reforming. For example, Pt-based catalysts supported on alumina are typically selected for methanol APR, due to their high activity at temperatures of circa 200°C. However, non-noble catalysts such as nickel (Ni) supported on metal-oxides or zeolites are being investigated with promising results in terms of catalytic activity and stability. The development of APR kinetic models and reactor designs is also being addressed to make APR a more attractive process for producing hydrogen. This can also lead to the possibility of APR integration with high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The integration can result into increased overall system efficiency and avoiding critical issues faced in the state-of-the-art fuel cells integrated with methanol steam reforming.
与相应的气相过程相比，水相重整（APR）能够在较低温度下将甲醇和其他含氧烃转化为氢气和二氧化碳。APR有利于水煤气变换（WGS）反应并抑制烷烃生成；此外，与气相蒸汽重整相比，它是一个更简单且更节能的过程。例如，负载在氧化铝上的铂基催化剂通常被选用于甲醇APR，因为它们在约200°C的温度下具有高活性。然而，正在研究负载在金属氧化物或沸石上的非贵金属催化剂如镍（Ni），在催化活性和稳定性方面取得了有前景的结果。APR动力学模型和反应器设计的开发也在进行中，以使APR成为更具吸引力的制氢过程。这还可能导致APR与高温质子交换膜燃料电池集成的可能性。这种集成可以提高整个系统的效率，并避免与甲醇蒸汽重整集成的现有燃料电池所面临的关键问题。
