Tesfaye Adehanom Baraki, Assefa Guash Abay, Shishaye Leul Berhe, Abera Bisrat Mesfin, Gebreanenya Nechey Tsehaye, Gebregiorgis Gebru Legesse, Dürr Salome
Mekelle Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Abergelle Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Abi Adi, Ethiopia.
Front Vet Sci. 2023 Aug 14;10:1157395. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1157395. eCollection 2023.
An investigation of a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak was conducted between late October and mid-December 2019 in Tigray region. The outbreak investigation team collected epidemiological data from the six villages of Kafta Humera and Seharti Samre districts, including morbidity proportions, mortality proportions, and clinical signs, and cattle management and vaccination history were collected via participatory methods, including interviews and group discussions with local experts and farmers in Kafta Humera and reports from the district veterinarians in Seharti Samre. Twenty-two tissue samples were collected for laboratory confirmation. Overall, 4,299/9,811 (43.8%) and 13,654/16,921 (80.6%) cattle showed clinical signs for FMD in Kafta Humera and Seharti Samre, respectively. In Kafta Humera, the highest morbidity proportion was found in adult cows and heifers (48.1%), followed by 27.8% in oxen and 15.9% in calves. In Seharti Samre, the morbidity proportion was similar in all age groups at ~81%. No death of FMD-suspected cattle was reported throughout the outbreak. The serotype of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) identified by laboratory analysis differed between the two districts (serotype O in Kafta Humera and serotype A in Seharti Samre). We, therefore, suggest that the outbreaks in the two districts occurred independently from each other. Experts and farmers were interviewed and believed that the outbreak in Kafta Humera was most likely caused by interaction between cattle and wildlife from the surrounding Kafta Sheraro National Park, which share common grazing land. This outbreak investigation showed that FMD can cause devastating cattle morbidity. A regular vaccination program against the identified circulating FMDV serotypes with sufficient coverage is required to avoid future outbreaks.
2019年10月下旬至12月中旬，在提格雷地区对一场口蹄疫疫情进行了调查。疫情调查小组从卡法胡梅拉和塞哈蒂萨姆雷两个区的6个村庄收集了流行病学数据，包括发病率、死亡率和临床症状，并通过参与式方法收集了牛的管理和疫苗接种史，这些方法包括与卡法胡梅拉当地专家和农民进行访谈及小组讨论，以及塞哈蒂萨姆雷区兽医的报告。采集了22份组织样本用于实验室确诊。总体而言，卡法胡梅拉和塞哈蒂萨姆雷分别有4299/9811（43.8%）和13654/16921（80.6%）的牛表现出口蹄疫临床症状。在卡法胡梅拉，成年母牛和小母牛的发病率最高（48.1%），其次是公牛的27.8%和小牛的15.9%。在塞哈蒂萨姆雷，所有年龄组的发病率相似，约为81%。在整个疫情期间，未报告有疑似口蹄疫的牛死亡。通过实验室分析确定的口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）血清型在两个区有所不同（卡法胡梅拉为O型血清型，塞哈蒂萨姆雷为A型血清型）。因此，我们认为两个区的疫情是相互独立发生的。专家和农民接受了访谈，他们认为卡法胡梅拉的疫情很可能是由于牛与周边共享公共牧场的卡法谢拉罗国家公园的野生动物之间的相互作用引起的。这次疫情调查表明，口蹄疫可导致牛群出现毁灭性的发病情况。需要针对已确定的流行FMDV血清型开展覆盖范围足够的常规疫苗接种计划，以避免未来疫情的爆发。
