Stremmel Christopher, Breitschwerdt Rüdiger
Department of Cardiology, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany.
Wilhelm Büchner Hochschule, Mobile University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany.
JMIR Cardio. 2023 Aug 30;7:e44983. doi: 10.2196/44983.
The digital transformation of our health care system has experienced a clear shift in the last few years due to political, medical, and technical innovations and reorganization. In particular, the cardiovascular field has undergone a significant change, with new broad perspectives in terms of optimized treatment strategies for patients nowadays.
After a short historical introduction, this comprehensive literature review aimed to provide a detailed overview of the scientific evidence regarding digitalization in the diagnostics and therapy of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
We performed an extensive literature search of the PubMed database and included all related articles that were published as of March 2022. Of the 3021 studies identified, 1639 (54.25%) studies were selected for a structured analysis and presentation (original articles: n=1273, 77.67%; reviews or comments: n=366, 22.33%). In addition to studies on CVDs in general, 829 studies could be assigned to a specific CVD with a diagnostic and therapeutic approach. For data presentation, all 829 publications were grouped into 6 categories of CVDs.
Evidence-based innovations in the cardiovascular field cover a wide medical spectrum, starting from the diagnosis of congenital heart diseases or arrhythmias and overoptimized workflows in the emergency care setting of acute myocardial infarction to telemedical care for patients having chronic diseases such as heart failure, coronary artery disease, or hypertension. The use of smartphones and wearables as well as the integration of artificial intelligence provides important tools for location-independent medical care and the prevention of adverse events.
Digital transformation has opened up multiple new perspectives in the cardiovascular field, with rapidly expanding scientific evidence. Beyond important improvements in terms of patient care, these innovations are also capable of reducing costs for our health care system. In the next few years, digital transformation will continue to revolutionize the field of cardiovascular medicine and broaden our medical and scientific horizons.
由于政治、医学和技术创新及重组，过去几年我们的医疗保健系统数字化转型发生了明显转变。特别是心血管领域经历了重大变革，如今在患者优化治疗策略方面有了新的广阔视角。
在简短的历史介绍之后，本全面的文献综述旨在详细概述心血管疾病（CVD）诊断和治疗数字化方面的科学证据。
我们对PubMed数据库进行了广泛的文献检索，纳入截至2022年3月发表的所有相关文章。在识别出的3021项研究中，1639项（54.25%）研究被选作结构化分析和展示（原始文章：n = 1273，77.67%；综述或评论：n = 366，22.33%）。除了一般关于CVD的研究外，829项研究可归入具有诊断和治疗方法的特定CVD。为了数据展示，所有829篇出版物被分为6类CVD。
心血管领域基于证据的创新涵盖广泛的医学范围，从先天性心脏病或心律失常的诊断，到急性心肌梗死急诊护理环境中的优化工作流程，再到针对心力衰竭、冠状动脉疾病或高血压等慢性病患者的远程医疗护理。智能手机和可穿戴设备的使用以及人工智能的整合为独立于地点的医疗护理和不良事件预防提供了重要工具。
数字化转型在心血管领域开辟了多个新视角，科学证据迅速增加。除了在患者护理方面的重要改进外，这些创新还能够降低我们医疗保健系统的成本。在未来几年，数字化转型将继续彻底改变心血管医学领域，拓宽我们的医学和科学视野。
