ONCOtherapeutics, West Hollywood, California.
Berenson Cancer Center, West Hollywood, California.
Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2023 Sep;21(9):484-493.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell dyscrasia and the most common form of primary bone marrow cancer. Nearly 35,000 new cases of MM are diagnosed in the United States each year. MM is a slowly progressive illness that remains incurable. The median survival for patients with MM is approximately 7 years, during which these patients suffer substantial morbidity. Despite the introduction of new drugs and immune-based therapies, many patients unfortunately relapse and require further therapies. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to be able to accurately and quickly determine changes in a patient's clinical status. Assessments of monoclonal protein and serum free light chain levels are the most common tests now available for monitoring patients with MM; however, these assays have several drawbacks. Modern radiologic techniques such as positron emission tomography and computed tomography are better than standard radiographs but are costly and cumbersome. Serum B-cell maturation antigen is a new biomarker for both the diagnosis and prognosis of MM. Assessment of measurable residual disease is becoming an important endpoint. The creation of better ways to predict outcomes and promptly and accurately monitor changes for patients with MM should lead to improved quality of life and longer survival.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种克隆性浆细胞疾病，也是原发性骨髓癌最常见的形式。 美国每年诊断出近 35000 例 MM 新病例。 MM 是一种进展缓慢的疾病，目前仍然无法治愈。 MM 患者的中位生存期约为 7 年，在此期间，这些患者会遭受严重的发病率。尽管引入了新的药物和免疫治疗方法，但不幸的是，许多患者仍会复发并需要进一步的治疗。因此，能够准确、快速地确定患者临床状况的变化变得越来越重要。 单克隆蛋白和血清游离轻链水平的评估是目前用于监测 MM 患者最常用的检查； 然而，这些检测方法存在一些缺点。 正电子发射断层扫描和计算机断层扫描等现代放射学技术优于标准射线照相，但成本高且繁琐。 血清 B 细胞成熟抗原是 MM 的诊断和预后的新生物标志物。 可测量残留疾病的评估正在成为一个重要的终点。 为 MM 患者创建更好的预测结果的方法，并及时准确地监测其变化，应能提高生活质量并延长生存时间。
