Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2024 Aug 1;82(8):1046-1055. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad110.
Resting heart rate (HR) is increasingly recognized as an indicator of disease and overall morbidity and mortality. Whether chronic coffee consumption affects resting HR is an important consideration for individual consumers as well as from a public health perspective.
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to examine the effectiveness of coffee consumption on resting HR.
Original RCTs assessing the effect of coffee consumption on resting HR and published prior to March 2023 were identified by searching online databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases.
Data searches and extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were performed according to the Cochrane guidelines, and the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Data on study characteristics, type, and amount of coffee and net change and measurement resting HR were extracted. A random-effects or a fixed-effects model was used to estimate the pooled effect sizes. Homogeneity was determined with the Cochran Q test, and publication bias was assessed through Begg's test, Egger's test, and funnel plots.
A total of 6 RCTs with 11 intervention trials or arms involving 485 individuals were included. The participants were generally healthy, although some had hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or were overweight. The trial duration ranged from 2 weeks to 24 weeks. The overall pooled analysis showed that coffee consumption resulted in a negligible increase in resting HR of 0.40 beats per minute (95% CI: -0.78 to 1.57; P = 0.506), which was statistically insignificant. Subgroup analysis of all specified categories was consistent with the overall analysis. No heterogeneity was observed among included trials (I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.756).
The results of the present meta-analysis study demonstrate that daily coffee consumption of 3 to 6 cups for a period of 2 to 24 weeks has no statistically significant effect on resting HR.
静息心率（HR）越来越被认为是疾病和整体发病率及死亡率的一个指标。慢性咖啡摄入是否会影响静息 HR，这不仅是个体消费者需要考虑的问题，也是从公共卫生角度需要考虑的问题。
对随机对照试验（RCT）进行荟萃分析，以检验咖啡摄入对静息 HR 的影响。
通过检索在线数据库（包括 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library 数据库），确定了评估咖啡摄入对静息 HR 影响的原始 RCT，并于 2023 年 3 月前发表。
根据 Cochrane 指南进行数据检索和提取以及偏倚风险评估，并遵循系统评价的 PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）指南。提取研究特征、咖啡类型和量、净变化和静息 HR 测量等数据。使用随机效应或固定效应模型来估计汇总效应量。通过 Cochran Q 检验确定同质性，并通过 Begg 检验、Egger 检验和漏斗图评估发表偏倚。
共纳入 6 项 RCT，其中包含 11 项干预试验或臂，涉及 485 名个体。参与者通常健康，但有些患有高血压、高胆固醇血症或超重。试验持续时间从 2 周到 24 周不等。总体汇总分析表明，咖啡摄入使静息 HR 仅略微增加 0.40 次/分钟（95% CI：-0.78 至 1.57；P=0.506），这在统计学上无显著意义。对所有指定类别的亚组分析与总体分析一致。纳入试验无异质性（I2=0.0%，P=0.756）。
本荟萃分析研究结果表明，每天饮用 3 至 6 杯咖啡，持续 2 至 24 周，对静息 HR 无统计学显著影响。
