Guangxi Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2023 Aug;81(8):748-755. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1770352. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
Astrocytes are the most abundant cell subtypes in the central nervous system. Previous studies believed that astrocytes are supporting cells in the brain, which only provide nutrients for neurons. However, recent studies have found that astrocytes have more crucial and complex functions in the brain, such as neurogenesis, phagocytosis, and ischemic tolerance. After an ischemic stroke, the activated astrocytes can exert neuroprotective or neurotoxic effects through a variety of pathways. In this review, we will discuss the neuroprotective mechanisms of astrocytes in cerebral ischemia, and mainly focus on reactive astrocytosis or glial scar, neurogenesis, phagocytosis, and cerebral ischemic tolerance, for providing new strategies for the clinical treatment of stroke.
星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中最丰富的细胞亚型。先前的研究认为星形胶质细胞是大脑中的支持细胞，仅为神经元提供营养。然而，最近的研究发现星形胶质细胞在大脑中具有更关键和复杂的功能，如神经发生、吞噬作用和缺血耐受。在缺血性中风后，激活的星形胶质细胞可以通过多种途径发挥神经保护或神经毒性作用。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论星形胶质细胞在脑缺血中的神经保护机制，主要关注反应性星形胶质细胞增生或神经胶质瘢痕、神经发生、吞噬作用和脑缺血耐受，为中风的临床治疗提供新的策略。
