Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway.
Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Aug 30;23(1):1665. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16603-w.
Self-efficacy has been identified as an important health-promoting factor for both physical and mental health. Previous studies have examined self-efficacy as a moderating factor between negative psychosocial influences and various outcomes, e.g., life satisfaction and stressors. There is, however, limited knowledge about factors that strengthen self-efficacy. The aim of this study is to examine the association between mastery experiences, social support, and self-efficacy among adolescents in secondary schools in Norway.
This study is based on cross-sectional data from the Ungdata surveys conducted in eastern part of Norway in 2021. The sample comprises 9,221 adolescents aged 13-16. Sequential multivariate linear regression was conducted to explore the association between mastery experiences, social support, and self-efficacy.
The final model (Model 3) explains 25% of the total variance in self-efficacy. The indicators concerning mastery experiences - defined here as the personal experience of success - explain more of the observed variance in self-efficacy than the other independent variables (change in R square = 10.7%). The items 'felt mastering things' 'and 'felt useful' make the strongest and most significant contributions to the variance in self-efficacy in the final model (β = 0.25, p < 0.001 and β = 0.16, p < 0.001, respectively), followed by the variables 'support from friends' and 'parental support' (β = 0.06, p < 0.001 an β = 0.06, p < 0.001).
Mastery experiences are potential sources for creating and strengthening self-efficacy. Awareness of the health-promoting potential in (strengthening) self-efficacy among adolescents is important. Additional research is needed to further explore these associations.
自我效能感已被确定为促进身心健康的重要因素。先前的研究已经检验了自我效能感作为负面心理社会影响与各种结果（例如生活满意度和压力源）之间的调节因素的作用。然而，关于增强自我效能感的因素知之甚少。本研究旨在检验挪威中学青少年的掌握经验、社会支持与自我效能感之间的关联。
本研究基于 2021 年在挪威东部进行的 Ungdata 调查的横断面数据。样本包括 9221 名 13-16 岁的青少年。采用逐步多元线性回归来探讨掌握经验、社会支持与自我效能感之间的关联。
最终模型（模型 3）解释了自我效能感总方差的 25%。与掌握经验相关的指标-这里定义为个人成功经验-比其他自变量（R 方变化=10.7%）解释了更多自我效能感的可观察方差。“感觉自己能够掌控事情”和“感觉自己有用”这两个项目在最终模型中对自我效能感的方差做出了最强和最显著的贡献（β=0.25，p<0.001 和β=0.16，p<0.001），其次是“来自朋友的支持”和“父母支持”这两个变量（β=0.06，p<0.001 和β=0.06，p<0.001）。
掌握经验是创造和增强自我效能感的潜在来源。了解青少年自我效能感的促进健康潜力很重要。需要进一步研究来进一步探讨这些关联。
