Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Institute of Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550009, P. R. China.
Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Small. 2023 Dec;19(52):e2304127. doi: 10.1002/smll.202304127. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
Antibacterial theranostic nanoplatforms, which integrate diagnostic and therapeutic properties, exhibit gigantic application prospects in precision medicine. However, traditional theranostic nanoplatforms usually present an always-on signal output, which leads to poor specificity or selectivity in the treatment of bacterial infections. To address this challenge, stimuli-actuated turn-on nanoplatforms are developed for simultaneous activation of diagnostic signals (e.g., fluorescent, photoacoustic, magnetic signals) and initiation of antibacterial treatment. Specifically, by combining the infection microenvironment-responsive activation of visual signals and antibacterial activity, these theranostic nanoplatforms exert both higher accurate diagnosis rates and more effective treatment effects. In this review, the imaging and treatment strategies that are commonly used in the clinic are first briefly introduced. Next, the recent progress of stimuli-actuated turn-on theranostic nanoplatforms for treating bacterial infectious diseases is summarized in detail. Finally, current bottlenecks and future opportunities of antibacterial theranostic nanoplatforms are also outlined and discussed.
抗菌治疗性纳米平台集诊断和治疗性能于一体，在精准医疗中具有广阔的应用前景。然而，传统的治疗性纳米平台通常表现出持续的信号输出，这导致在治疗细菌感染时特异性或选择性较差。为了解决这一挑战，人们开发了刺激响应型开启型纳米平台，用于同时激活诊断信号（例如荧光、光声、磁信号）和启动抗菌治疗。具体而言，通过结合视觉信号的感染微环境响应激活和抗菌活性，这些治疗性纳米平台既能实现更高的准确诊断率，又能发挥更有效的治疗效果。在本文中，首先简要介绍了临床上常用的成像和治疗策略。接下来，详细总结了用于治疗细菌性传染病的刺激响应型开启型治疗性纳米平台的最新进展。最后，还概述和讨论了抗菌治疗性纳米平台的当前瓶颈和未来机遇。
