Afolabi Olakunle Bamikole, Olasehinde Oluwaseun Ruth, Olaoye Oyindamola Adeniyi, Jaiyesimi Kikelomo Folake, Ekakitie Ilobekemen Lisa, Oloyede Omotade Ibidun
Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Programme, College of Science, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Biochem Res Int. 2023 Aug 22;2023:6615863. doi: 10.1155/2023/6615863. eCollection 2023.
Aluminum (Al) is known to be a nephrotoxic metal that can cause renal toxicity in both humans and animals. The use of functional foods has been reported to have significance in managing the toxic effects associated with such metals. This study aimed to assess the potential protective effects of caffeine, vanillin, and their combination in mitigating AlCl-induced renal toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. A total of thirty (30) adult male Wistar rats weighing between 150 and 200 g were randomly divided into five groups, each consisting of six rats ( = 6). Group 1 served as the control, while the remaining treatment groups received a daily oral dose of 100 mg/kg AlCl for a duration of 21 days. In addition, groups 3-5 were coadministered 50 mg/kg body weight (bw) of caffeine, vanillin, and a combination (50/50 mg/kg bw) of both substances, respectively. In the results, AlCl-treated showed a significant ( < 0.05) increase in serum biomarkers such as ALT, ALP, urea, and creatinine, and a significant ( < 0.05) decrease in serum total proteins (TPs). The renal tissue's antioxidant system, including SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH, exhibited a significant ( < 0.05) reduction, accompanied by an elevated MDA level. However, the administration of caffeine, vanillin, and their combination resulted in a significant ( < 0.05) decrease in serum ALT, ALP, urea, and creatinine, and a significant ( < 0.05) increase in serum TP. Furthermore, following the treatment, there was a significant ( < 0.05) increase in renal SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH levels, along with a reduction in the MDA level. In addition, the treatment for 21 days caused a significant ( < 0.05) reversal to the altered histomorphological architecture. These findings suggest that caffeine, vanillin, and their combination could potentially be an effective regimen in managing AlCl-induced renal toxicity.
铝（Al）是一种已知的肾毒性金属，可在人类和动物中引起肾脏毒性。据报道，功能性食品在管理与此类金属相关的毒性作用方面具有重要意义。本研究旨在评估咖啡因、香草醛及其组合对减轻成年雄性Wistar大鼠氯化铝诱导的肾脏毒性的潜在保护作用。总共30只体重在150至200克之间的成年雄性Wistar大鼠被随机分为五组，每组六只（n = 6）。第1组作为对照组，其余治疗组每天口服100毫克/千克氯化铝，持续21天。此外，第3 - 5组分别共同给予50毫克/千克体重（bw）的咖啡因、香草醛以及两种物质的组合（50/50毫克/千克bw）。结果显示，氯化铝处理组的血清生物标志物如谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、尿素和肌酐显著（P < 0.05）升高，血清总蛋白（TPs）显著（P < 0.05）降低。肾脏组织的抗氧化系统，包括超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）显著（P < 0.05）降低，同时丙二醛（MDA）水平升高。然而，给予咖啡因、香草醛及其组合导致血清ALT、ALP、尿素和肌酐显著（P < 0.05）降低，血清TP显著（P < 0.05）升高。此外，治疗后，肾脏SOD、CAT、GPx和GSH水平显著（P < 0.05）升高，同时MDA水平降低。另外，21天的治疗使改变的组织形态结构显著（P < 0.05）恢复。这些发现表明，咖啡因、香草醛及其组合可能是管理氯化铝诱导的肾脏毒性的有效方案。
