Bond L, McTiernan D, Connaughton M, Heron E A, Coogan A N, McGrath J
Linn Dara Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Dublin, Ireland.
Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Ir J Psychol Med. 2023 Aug 31:1-9. doi: 10.1017/ipm.2023.41.
Sleep problems are common amongst children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to investigate sleep problems in children and adolescents attending a specialist ADHD service.
This was a cross-sectional online survey combined with a retrospective chart review, conducted in the ADHD Assessment, Diagnosis, Management, initiation, Research and Education (ADMiRE) service, the first public specialist ADHD service for young people in Ireland. Participants were caregivers of children and adolescents with ADHD attending ADMiRE. Sleep was assessed using The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and ADHD symptoms were assessed using an abbreviated version of the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Teacher and Parent Rating Scale (SNAP-IV). Details regarding patient demographics, co-morbidities and medication were collected from patient records.
Eighty-four percent of young people scored above the clinical cut-off for a sleep disorder. The most frequently reported sleep problems were related to sleep onset and sleep duration, and 64% of respondents met the criteria for two or more sleep problems. ADHD severity was associated with greater sleep problems. Co-morbid physical, neurodevelopmental, and mental health disorders as well as stimulant use were not associated with greater sleep problems.
Sleep problems are very common amongst children and adolescents with ADHD. This study has demonstrated an association between more sleep problems and ADHD severity. These findings highlight the need for both effective ADHD treatment to ensure optional sleep in young people as well as effective interventions for sleep problems to prevent worsening of ADHD symptoms.
睡眠问题在患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童和青少年中很常见。本研究的目的是调查在专科ADHD服务机构就诊的儿童和青少年的睡眠问题。
这是一项横断面在线调查，并结合回顾性病历审查，在ADHD评估、诊断、管理、启动、研究和教育（ADMiRE）服务机构进行，该机构是爱尔兰首个为年轻人提供的公共专科ADHD服务机构。参与者是在ADMiRE就诊的患有ADHD的儿童和青少年的照顾者。使用儿童睡眠习惯问卷（CSHQ）评估睡眠情况，使用Swanson、Nolan和Pelham教师及家长评定量表（SNAP-IV）的简版评估ADHD症状。从患者记录中收集有关患者人口统计学、合并症和用药情况的详细信息。
84%的年轻人在睡眠障碍临床临界值以上得分。最常报告的睡眠问题与入睡和睡眠时间有关，64%的受访者符合两种或更多睡眠问题的标准。ADHD严重程度与更多睡眠问题相关。合并的身体、神经发育和心理健康障碍以及使用兴奋剂与更多睡眠问题无关。
睡眠问题在患有ADHD的儿童和青少年中非常普遍。本研究表明睡眠问题增多与ADHD严重程度之间存在关联。这些发现凸显了既需要有效的ADHD治疗以确保年轻人获得最佳睡眠，也需要对睡眠问题进行有效干预以防止ADHD症状恶化。
